Netherlands (United Provinces of the Low Countries or Dutch Republic)
6
Admiralty
5
and convoy protection of Dutch ships against seizures
43
American loans in
5
seen as impossible until Dutch-Amer. treaty is negotiated
3
effect of recognition of U.S. on raising
2
timing of effort to raise
1
anti-Americanism as obstacle to raising
1
criticism of JA's failed 1781 loan
1
need to raise with Dutch rather than French house
44
Proposed alliances
27
between U.S., France, and
4
between France, Spain, and
3
possibility of Anglo-Dutch alliance
1
possibility of alliance with other enemies of Britain
1
reluctance to conclude treaties with France, Spain, or U.S.
74
Recognition of U.S.
2
would have signed separate peace if JA had not pursued
1
documents on sent to Congress
1
vessel named Heer Adams to honor
380
States General
32
and JA's demand for reply to 19 April 1781 memorial
25
presentation, content, and influence of JA's 19 April 1781 memorial to
14
JA's letter of credence to
14
accedes to armed neutrality (20 Nov.)
12
JA's memorial of 8 March to
10
and convoys for Dutch ships carrying naval stores
10
JA's 19 April memorial to
8
appointment of minister and consuls to U.S.
6
action taken on JA's 19 April memorial
6
edicts on privateers and navy
5
Gallitzin's memorial on armed neutrality to (3 April)
5
proposal that provinces recognize U.S. rather than
4
Amsterdam merchants demand protection from
7
JA presents letters of credence to
4
and negotiations with Russia over armed neutrality
4
deliberations and resolution on convoys
4
merchants petition, for protection of commerce
4
notified of ratification of Arts. of Confederation
4
opposition to 19 April 1781 memorial in
5
resolution recognizing U.S.
3
9 Jan. 1782 address demanding reply to 19 April 1781 memorial
3
French reaction to resolution withholding convoys for naval stores
3
JA demands reply to 19 April 1781 memorial to
3
and British seizure of Dutch merchant ships
4
and proposed treaty with U.S.
4
appoints Brantsen peace negotiator
3
approves French guarantee of Dutch loan
3
placard of 1756 defining legality of captures
3
publication and effect of 19 April 1781 memorial to
2
Franco-Dutch naval operations and
2
Friesland sends resolution recognizing U.S. to
2
H. Laurens' captured papers laid before
2
JA notifies of U.S. accession to Armed Neutrality
2
JA prepares memorial to on triple or quadruple alliance
2
JA proposes that it seek admission of U.S. to Armed Neutrality
4
JA's 19 April 1781 memorial to
2
advisability of JA meeting
2
and La Vauguyon memorial (26 April)
2
and deployment of Scots' Brigade
2
borrows money in Dutch market
2
considers charges against Brunswick
2
petitions supporting recognition of U.S.
2
structure and operation of
1
Battle of the Saints and
1
East India Company requests subsidy from
1
Fitzherbert's commission received by
1
JA describes 19 April 1781 memorial to as a “Harpoon Iron (thrown by a Cape-Cod Whaleman)”
1
JA directed to report on members of
1
JA on difficulty of dealing with
1
JA proposes admission to Franco-Amer. alliance
1
JA's 23 April 1782 memorial listed
1
JA's unsent memorial to
1
Oostergo proposes recognition of U.S. by
1
States of Holland contrasted with
1
and French guarantee of U.S. loan
1
and Laurens' captured papers
1
and suspension of fisheries
1
and transit fees on the Rhine
1
appoints Valck consul for Maryland and Virginia
1
authority over the admiralty colleges
1
correspondence with Austria on abrogation of Barrier Treaty protested
2
illustration of resolution recognizing U.S.
1
informed of Austrian accession to Armed Neutrality
1
instructions to peace negotiators
1
instructions to privateers as recognition of U.S.
1
memorial from Danish minister
1
need for decisive action against Britain by
1
need to notify Russia and other neutral powers of Dutch recognition of U.S.
1
proposal to establish marine corps
1
refuses to recognize ambassadors from Commonwealth of England (1650)
1
requests Gelderland act on recognition of U.S.
1
resolution admitting JA as minister plenipotentiary listed (1782)
1
resolution on capture of the sloop Chester
1
resolution on foreign trade with West Indies
1
resolution recognizing U.S. listed (1782)
1
rumored action against Amsterdam and Van Berckel
1
JA's “Requisition Verbale” (1782)
See also: Dutch-American Convention on Recaptures
See also: Loans, Dutch-American (1781)
See also: Loans, Dutch-American (1782)
48
Trade and commerce
6
British depredations against
5
effect of recognition of U.S. on
3
legal system as obstacle to with U.S.
2
and Russian note on depredations against neutral commerce
1
British operations limit amount of Amer. tobacco going to
1
U.S. as commercial rival
1
U.S. prefers manufactures of to British
1
affection for Americans based on commercial concerns
1
concern over effect of Joseph II's actions in Austrian Netherlands on
1
prohibition against British merchandise spurs revival of manufactures in
See also: Holland
59
policy toward and accession to armed neutrality
25
relations with Britain
24
likelihood of raising Amer. loan in
22
prospects for Anglo-Dutch war
24
JA's efforts to raise loan in
21
factional divisions in
20
need to have Amer. minister in
19
and suspension of Anglo-Dutch treaties
17
Adamses travel to and from
16
attitude toward and consequences of recognizing U.S.
15
and Franco-American commercial treaty
15
and seizure of van Bylandt convoy
15
negotiation of Dutch-Amer. commercial treaty
14
JA's commission and instructions as minister to
13
alliance proposed with U.S. and France
13
and proposed treaty with U.S.
13
relations with Great Britain
14
support for Amer. cause in
12
controversy over convoys for ships carrying naval stores
14
recognition of American independence
13
strained relations with Great Britain
15
and recognition of U.S.
11
contending political factions in
10
attitude toward recognition of Amer. independence
10
confederated government of
10
failure of government to respond to British provocations
10
operation of constitution
10
commercial rivalry with U.S.
9
negotiations with Russia on armed neutrality
8
British depredations against vessels of
8
French position regarding neutrality of
8
admirable traits attributed to
7
AA on politics and society
7
British influence in and intimidation of
7
and British demands for repudiation of Lee-Neufville treaty
7
and European balance of power
8
and possible Dutch-American treaty
7
possible appointment of JA to
6
British attacks on colonies of
6
Congress' appointment of JA's replacement in
8
JA concludes treaty of amity and commerce with
7
and Lee-Neufville treaty
6
and peace with Great Britain
6
conflict with Britain over naval stores as contraband
6
crisis concerning Duke of Brunswick
6
effect of Laurens' captured papers on
6
financial self-interest dominant
6
peace negotiations and definitive settlement with Great Britain (1782-1784)
6
proposal to extend Franco-Amer. alliance to
5
JA's comments on social life in
5
JA's commission to raise loan in
5
accession to armed neutrality as reason for Anglo-Dutch war
5
and free ships make free goods
5
debate to augment the army and navy
5
effect of British seizure of Dutch convoy
5
participation in triple or quadruple alliance considered
5
recognition resolved by provinces of Friesland, West Friesland, and Holland
5
response to feelers of separate peace with Great Britain
5
territorial claims in America
5
“Mammon” and greed determine policy of
4
JA commissioned, vice Henry Laurens, to negotiate loan and treaty of amity and commerce with
4
U.S. attempt to obtain loan from (1778)
5
attitude toward and relations with U.S.
4
commercial rivalry with Britain
4
concerns over U.S. independence and Anglo-American treaty
5
consequences of British victory or Anglo-Amer. reconciliation for
4
debate over augmentation of army and navy
4
economic relations with Britain
4
efforts to promote Amer. cause in
4
expects aid from armed neutrality in Anglo-Dutch war
4
fear of U.S. as commercial rival
4
revolt against Spain compared with Amer. Revolution
4
status of nation's defenses
4
treaty of amity and commerce with U.S.
3
1748 insurrection in support of stadholder
3
Amer. trade and commerce with
3
Anglo-Dutch conflict over contraband
3
Brit. recognition of U.S. and
3
Britain demands assistance from, under terms of treaties
3
British efforts to divide Holland from
3
British orders to seize ships of
4
Dutch commentators on civil law
3
Franklin opposes sending U.S. minister to
3
French aid in defending possessions
3
H. Laurens as minister to
3
JA on circumstances leading to success in
3
JA on need for Dutch-Amer. treaty
3
JA on political situation and relations with U.S.
3
JA's campaign to increse of America in
3
Laurens appointed to raise loan in
3
Sheldt River controversy and Treaty of Fontainebleau
3
and demolition of barrier fortresses
3
and revolt against Spain
3
as destination for Amer. prisoners and others escaped from England
3
breach with Great Britain over unauthorized Lee-De Neufville treaty
3
controversy over unpreparedness of fleet
3
diplomatic corps of on U.S. independence
3
opinions on U.S. negotiations with
3
opposition to British maritime supremacy by
3
proposed alliance with France
3
proposed alliance with U.S.
3
proposed arrangement to carry prizes into U.S. ports
3
support for Amer. cause
3
trade with Spice Islands
3
treaties with Britain and neutrality of
2
AA on salaries of ministers from
2
AA's health effected by visit to
2
Battle of the Saints and
2
Britain declares war against
2
British depredations on commerce of
2
British desire to seize Dutch investments in Britain
2
British reinforcements rumored to go on Dutch ships
2
Commissioners on relations with Britain
2
JA appointed minister to
2
JA on U.S. relations with
2
JA on history and government of
2
JA on obtaining loan from
2
JA on relations with Britain
2
JA reviews relations of, with all major powers
2
and Battle of the Dogger Bank
2
and outbreak of Anglo-Dutch war (1672)
2
books on history and government of
2
character, courage, and strength of
2
climate of, as viewed from afar
2
complexity of government of
2
defense of colonial trade
2
demolition of barrier fortresses
2
effect of Amer. Revolution on government and people of
2
effect of British captures on
2
effect of U.S. victory at Yorktown on
2
emigration to U.S. from
2
first proposal in Congress on appointment of minister to (1778)
2
loan to America rumored but delayed
2
minister to Britain snubbed by Royal Academy
2
national character of people
2
naval engagement with British fleet
2
personified as “Nick Frog”
2
proposed appointment of Amer. minister to
2
proposed treaty with Denmark and Sweden to protect trade
2
publication and effect of Aan het Volk van Nederland in
2
recognition forwarded by city merchants
2
schoolmasters disparaged by JA
2
similarity of U.S. and French interests in
2
speculations about future of U.S. in
2
struggle for independence
2
trade between America and
1
Acte van Consulentschap
1
AA on U.S. attitudes toward
1
AA on “a want of my dear variety” in
1
AA: “not airy enough for joy, nor warm enough for Love”
1
Adams family visit to (1786)
1
Adamses may return to U.S. via
1
Brit. capture of St. Eustatius
1
Brit. use prizes taken from during war
1
Britain willing to risk war with rather than repeal tax on tea
1
British seek to detach from France
1
British sympathizers in
1
Commissioners' efforts to raise loan in (1778-1779)
1
Congress appoints minister to
1
Deane and Bancroft express anti-U.S. sentiments in
1
French and Prussian intervention in internal affairs of
1
J. P. Jones' squadron admitted into Dutch waters by (1779)
1
JA debates whether to take formal leave of
1
JA negotiates loan with Dutch bankers
1
JA on change in attitude toward Britain
1
JA on desire to receive Amer. minister in
1
JA on diplomatic corps of
1
JA on fear as a determinant of policy in
1
JA on his role in the "Revolution which has taken Place" in
1
JA on need for U.S. to cultivate
1
JA on political situation in
1
JA on politics and society of
1
JA on reunification of U.S. and Britain leading to war with
1
JA on riches and status in
1
JA on rumored desire to act as mediator
1
JA recommends ending negotiations with if delays continue
1
JA terminates his mission to
1
JA's commission and instructions to conclude tripartite alliance
1
JA's conduct in praised
1
JA's credentials taken under advisement by States General
1
JA's decision to visit in 1780
1
JA's efforts influence his relations with France
1
JA's list of persons and firms to be consulted in
1
JA's negotiations in, seen in historical perspective
1
JA, “I shall love the Dutch Nation, till I die”
1
JA: “I love this Nation ... because they love Liberty”
1
JQA comments on people colonizing low lands
2
Laurens named commissioner to
1
Lee-Neufville treaty (1778)
1
Livingston on political situation in
1
Livingston seeks intelligence on
1
Oostergo proposes recognition of U.S.
1
Prussian invasion of (1787)
1
Russian naval squadron visits
1
Sarsfield's account of recent politics in
1
Spanish guarantee loan to U.S.
1
Thaxter decries “Anglomany” in
1
Twelve Years Truce ending revolt against Spain (1609)
1
William V on JA's reception in
2
abortive Lee-Neufville attempt at treaty (1778)
1
affect of U.S. independence in
1
and Armed Neutrality of 1780
1
and Austrian Netherlands
1
and Franco-Dutch war (1747)
1
and abrogation of Barrier Treaty
1
and restoration of stadholderate (1748)
1
and subsidiary treaties
1
and threatened French retaliation against commerce of
1
anger against British swells among people
1
as center for gathering and disseminating intelligence
1
as destination for Amer. prisoners
1
as refuge for Protestants from Gordon Riots
1
background and execution of JA's “fishing expedition” to
1
communication of Franco-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce to
1
concludes treaty with France
1
conduct of business on Christmas in
1
conduct of foreign affairs in
1
consequences of Anglo-Amer. peace for
1
controversy over neutrality and Jones' presence
1
convention with U.S. concerning recaptures
1
coordination of Franco-Dutch operations against Britain
1
difficulties of merchants in
1
effect of victory at Battle of the Dogger Bank
1
effects of loss of St. Eustatius
1
efforts in, to obtain ships for S.C.
1
efforts of the anglomanes
2
efforts to maintain neutrality
1
government action against Aan het Volk van Nederland
1
government of, as model
1
grounds for Dutch-American alliance stated in Amsterdam “Proposition”
1
guilder-pound exchange rate
1
importance of fisheries to
1
interception of diplomatic corr.
1
interception of diplomatic correspondence by
1
joint U.S. commission for supplementary treaty of commerce with
1
loans to foreign powers by Dutch banking houses
1
military preparedness of, example to U.S.
1
motion to censure North ministry as example for people of
1
naval assistance for American republic from
1
neutrality as true system of
1
only JA empowered to treat with
1
operations against Britain in East Indies
1
people of, merry on occasion
1
petitions and resolutions for recognition of U.S. to appear in Remembrancer
1
political shortsightedness in
1
pro-British sentiment in churches of
1
proposed plan to attract merchants of
1
prospects for Penn. loan in
1
prospects for revolution in
1
protests British seizures of ships
1
provincial states call for greater naval effort by
1
recognition of Portuguese independence
1
recognizes Amer. independence
1
relations with Armed Neutrality
1
relations with Austrian Empire
1
spirit of liberty and valor in
1
trade with East and West Indies
2
treaty of amity and commerce with America concluded (1782)
1
tribute paid to Barbary Powers
1
use of English language in
1
victories against British raise morale
1
views of comparative British and French power
1
with allies will defeat Britain
1
Congress approves JA's diplomacy in
1
Dutch culture in 18th century
1
JA's mission to (1780-1782)
1
loan (1782) to U.S. negotiated by JA
1
revolution against Spain compared to American Revolution
1
use of French and Latin languages in
See also: Anglo-Dutch War (1780)
See also: Armed Neutrality
See also: Dutch-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce
See also: Dutch Army
See also: Dutch Navy
See also: New Netherland
See also: Treaties
