A website from the Massachusetts Historical Society; founded 1791.

Papers of the Winthrop Family, Volume 4

John Winthrop's Memorandum of Arguments in Support of the Negative Vote1
JW

1643-06-05

Neg: vote

Ther are 2 sorts of arguments from whence men drawe conclusions: the 1 is Certainty as when David knewe torn that the men of Keydon would deliver him up to Saul he concludes it would not be safe for him to staye there The other is of probability: as when Abraham considered that the Philistines feared not God, it was probable, if they knewe that Sara was his wife, they would kill him to inioye her, thervpon he concludes, it were best to dissemble it: but it was never knowen that torn and godly men have drawne a conclusion into Acte from an Argument of meere possibility, except where the heart hath been given vp to wickednesse or the conscience scourge with the guilt of some fowll sin. This made Josephs Brethren conclude that he would be revenged of them, being onely possible because it was in his power, but not probable, because he feared God, and had given them longe experience to the contrary. So Dionysius and other Tirants durst not trust their own friends or Children, because being given vp to all licentiousnesse themselves, they durst not trust their life vnder any possible danger.

Charity beleeveth all things and hopeth all things: if this be the Rule of Church towards all our brethren much more towards such as we make 392choyse of for their ability and faithfullnesse that our hope and Confidence (vnder God) may rest in them. The hande consisting of two parts: the 4 fingers and the thumbe, have each of them a negative power, so as the fingers cannot effecte any work without the thumbe, nor the thumbe without the fingers.

A windmill may consist of divers wheeles and Rudders hath an vpper wheele or break which hath a neg: power to all the rest, otherwise the mill would make madd work in a tempest.

In an Armye, they are the common soldiers vpon whom the whole work lyes, yet the Commanders have a neg: power over them as well as direction, otherwise they would soone be in Confusion.

Ca. June 5, 1643
1.

W. 1. 194.