Papers of John Adams, volume 21
th:1791
Permit me the freedom of troubling you on the present
occasion.— Informing your Excellency that I was an early Volunteer in the
cause of Liberty &c— I had the Honor of being acquainted with you &
Samuel Adams Esqr: in 1776 When you were both
Members of Congress, & I was then Surgeon in the American Navy, which I
have not a doubt through the Multiplicity of your business you may forget.—
I continued uniformly the Stedfast Friend of my Country, & endeavored as
an Individual, all in my power to effect the Grand Revolution, which was
happily Perfected to the Honor of our common Cause, & the rights of
Mankind.— In 1777 I was Commissioned cheif Surgeon to the Pensylvania
Artilery, which Station I occupied untill by the fatigues, distresses, &
casualties, of the War I was necessarily exposed to, Was oblidged to retire
from service in January 1781 being rendered incapable by a decay of health,
& Doctor Cochran late Director of the American Army gave me a
Certificate for halfpay addressed to the Executive & Legislative Bodies
of Pensylvania or either of them as a restitution for health, & property
lost in the service of my Country, which Certificate I filed in Council,
that in case of future Necessity by want of returning health, & when the
Publick funds admited I might make application, from which season I did not
make application, untill last February when I found by long experience that
I had reason to believe my former health would never return, in consequence
made application to Congress agreeable to their former Resolves for halfpay
by Petetion & also Doctr: Cochran’s
Certificate or a Copy thereof Attested by the Governor, and Secretary in my
behalf for half pay, which was refered to the Seretary at War to report
thereon.— I have not a doubt if Genl. Knox
recollects He will report favorably thereon & I have wrote to him on the
occasion— Therefore would now request of you Sir, As you have uniformly
acted the Friend of your Country, as Senator, or Minister, to act the
friendly part in Justice to those few that have suffered for their Country,
& wants redress to alleviate in some measure their 31 undeserved sufferings as they have
suffered in the Grand cause of Mankind— Therefore would wish to apply to you
as second Cheif Majistrate of the Union to assist me in the present case
according to common Justice & Equity—& If you should happen at any
time during the Recess of Congress to be at Genl. Knox’s, if you would condescend to take the trouble you might
see my Petetion & Doctr. Cochrans
Certificate in my favor, & if it appears to you eligible, might
recommend to the Secretary at War in my favor—1 You will please to pardon my
freedom in giving you this trouble, but I cant well refrain therefrom as I
have no other Person to apply to for to redress my grievance, except it is
the Gentleman who has proved himself his Countrys friend, & the Second
Majistrate of our now happy rising Empire— I have the Honor to subscribe
myself with every due sentiment of respect & esteem / your Excellency’s
/ due Devoted & / most Hble. Obedt: Servt.
m.Adams
P.s. I expect Thomas Proctor Esqr. Leiutt. of
the City of Philadelpa. will deliver your
Excellency this Letter—2
RC (Adams Papers); internal address: “His Excellency / John Adams Esquire.”
Revolutionary War veterans like Adams, a Pennsylvania
artillery surgeon who resigned in 1780 owing to poor health, frequently
petitioned Congress for aid throughout the Washington administration.
Congress annually renewed legislation to dispense pensions, doing so
most recently on 3 March 1791. John Cochran (1730–1807), of New
Brunswick, N.J., served as surgeon general of the Continental Army (Heitman, Register Continental Army
;
U.S.
Statutes at Large, 1:95, 129–130, 218; Washington, Papers, Revolutionary War Series
,
7:279–280).
Irish-born Thomas Proctor (1739–1806), a
Revolutionary War veteran, was commissioned to act as “Lieutenant of the
City and Liberties of Philadelphia” in 1790. Proctor delivered this
letter en route from his unsuccessful mission to negotiate with the
Miami and Wabash Nations in Ohio, for which see JA’s 2 March 1791 letter to Henry
Marchant, and note 3, above (Washington, Papers,
Presidential Series
, 3:116–117).
th1791.
With the most grateful and respectful sentiments I return my acknowlegments for your valuable present. The notice of so illustrious a character does me honor. Your excellent performances afford a source of entertainment and instruction. I had formed an exalted idea of your Defence of the American Constitution; had seen it highly applauded by the Critical Reviewers; and find it exceed my sanguine expectations. It must be a most interesting object to Americans to contemplate their country advanced to such dignity and importance, as to excell the Republics in antient and modern times; 32 while her example animates France to throw off the fetters of despotism, and assert the rights of mankind.
Although I feel myself, Sir, already too much distinguished by the examples of your generous condescension, I have received; yet emboldened by goodness, and urged by powerful motives, I presume to make another request. The revolution in France will, I conceive, effect a change in the religious state of that country, which will be important to insert in my View of Religions.1 I have been unsuccessful in my endeavours to procure intilligence. Your extensive knowledge, Sir, and acquaintance with the most respectable foreign characters qualify you to give the most authentic account, which, dignified with so illustrious a name, will greatly enhance the value of my book. I fear, I am too presumptious, but flatter myself your generosity will plead my excuse. Your compliance with my request, if consistent with the more important concerns of your exalted station, will benefit the public, and lay me under additional obligations,
I am with profound respect, / Sir, / Your much obliged and very humble servant,
RC (Adams Papers).
In the 1801 Boston edition of her View of Religions, a copy of which is in
JA’s library at MB, Adams added a summary of the social and
political “levelling” of the French clergy that occurred throughout
several violent phases in the 1790s. Revolutionaries stripped away
titles, suppressed religious orders, seized and sold church property,
and provoked massacres when ministers refused to swear oaths of
allegiance to the new government (p. 358–359;
Catalogue of JA’s
Library
).