Papers of John Adams, volume 20
r.
th.June. 1790.
I have to acknowledge the Rect. of your
esteem’d favor of the 20 Ulto. Our Genl. Assembly are now in Session.1
their Conduct thus farr has been perfectly Fœderal, how long it may continue is
uncertain. I am sorry that the assuming the State Debts & funding the Continental
Debt are so long delay’d. so long as we are kept in suspence we are a prey to
Speculators as most of our circulating Cash is employ’d in trading in paper.— ’till the
Debt is fix’d but very little other Business can be carr’d on.— I do not find in the
funding Bill any provision made for the New Emission Money, which runs on Interest &
which Congress pledg’d their Faith to redeem & pay the Interest annually, provided
the States neglected to make provision.2
One Years Interest only has been paid. I have a
considerable sum in this kind belonging to my father’s Estate, which has lain for a
number of Years.—3 Our Court has given up
the Light Houses in this State to Congress, it will be necessary for Congress, soon to
make the Law regulating Pilots. &c at present the Pilots of this port are under no
controul. shou’d this Law be bro’t forward, the Marine Society of this port, wou’d be
happy to render their services to put the Pilots on a proper footing.4
Mrs. Smith joins me in respects to Mrs. A— & yourself.—
Yrs. Most Respectfully
m.Smith.
RC (Adams Papers); addressed: “The Vice-President / of the United States /
New-York.”; endorsed: “Mr W. Smith / 12. June 1790.”
The Mass. General Court met from 26 May to 25 June (Mass., Acts
and Laws
, 1790–1791, p. 91; Stockbridge, Mass., Western Star, 6 July).
On 18 March 1780 Congress replaced Continental currency with a
“new emission” that was guaranteed as national legal tender and earned 5 percent
interest (Ferguson, Power of the Purse
, p. 51).
Isaac Smith Sr., who died three years earlier, had suffered
several financial setbacks from the depreciation of public securities and the loss of
two merchant ships (
AFC
, 8:196, 210).
The Mass. General Court passed an act on 10 June 1790
transferring all ownership deeds and maintenance duties of several public lighthouses
to the U.S. government. Federal oversight, however, remained murky. The Lighthouse Act
of 7 Aug. 1789 stipulated that pilots would be supervised by the states until Congress
made new legislation. Although Congress amended the Lighthouse Act on 19 July 1790,
and George Washington signed it into law three days later, it contained no guidelines
for pilot regulation (Mass., Acts and Laws
, 1790–1791, p. 7–9;
U.S. Statutes
at Large
, 1:53–54, 137;
First Fed. Cong.
,
1:422, 440).
I most sincearly Congratulate you on The accession of Rhode Island to the Union. by this event the Chain seems compleat. may our publick deliberations be conducted with that wisdom as shall insure Happiness to this great Nation.
I have just return’d from attending our Genl Assembly, Convened on purpose to Elet Senators and prescribe the mode of
Choosing the Representative. Your Humble Servant was a Candidate for a Senator, but was
not able to obtain; the whole of the Paper Money and Antifederal Intrest being oposed to
him. Theodore Foster Esqr. who is appointed is and has been
Federal. but being Brother in Law to Govr Fenner we fear
will be totally against the Assumption. Joseph Stanton the other Senator is a full
blooded Anti and a strong advocate for paper Money. hope they will both be for promoting
the General good when deteached from their old Connections.1
I have wrote the President of the United State praying him to
appoint my Son Oliver Bowen to the place of Navel Officer
for the District of Providence he is about Twenty two Years of Age has had a Liberal
Education and at present attends an Apothecarys Shop. the U. States owe me nearly Twenty
Thousand Dollars which I lent them in the Years 1776 & 77, which puts it out of my
power to provide for him at present. Theodore Foster Esqr
was the Navel Officer. by his appointment as a Senator it will become vacant. if you
will be so kind as just to second my application to the President shall esteem my self
under many Obligations to you therefor.2
I Remain with sentiments of the / highest Esteeme your Excellencys / most Obedient Humb. Servant
P.S. The Bill which originated in the Senate for stopping
intercourse with Rd Island & the demand for 27.
thousand Dollars. were the procuring Causes of the Adoption of the Constitution.3
RC (Adams Papers); internal address: “Honble
Excellency John Adams”; endorsed: “Jabez Bowen / 14. June. 1790.”
Antifederalist Arthur Fenner (1745–1805) was the clerk of the
Providence Court of Common Pleas. The Rhode Island legislature elected him governor on
5 May, and he served until his death (
AFC
, 14:299;
DAB
). For the election
of Rhode Island’s members of Congress, see Henry Marchant’s letter of 29 May, and note 2, above.
Bowen had written to George Washington a day earlier, soliciting
a post for his son Oliver (1767–1804), Brown University 1788, but he was unsuccessful
(Washington, Papers, Presidential Series
, 5:516, 517).
For the Rhode Island trade bill, see JA’s 19 May letter to William Ellery, and note 2, above.