I received, my dear Sir, your Republics, & am much honord with the office you assign me. I had before read them & nothing material occurrd to me as amendments. The title is the only thing exceptionable, because it applys to that particular part only which respects M. Turgot. But the work will undoubtedly be of very great service, in directing the consideration of our Countrymen to the defects of our Constitutions in the want of a due balance of three Estates. To form one great National Parlaiment which shall be paramount to the several Legislatures, is certainly one object of conventional deliberation.

I shall read again your Republics & communicate to you any thing that may occur, worthy your attention My Br. R. H. is expected here to-morrow to take his seat in Congress.1 He was again sollicited to go into the Convention, but refusd, on this ground that he shoud be better able to advocate what they might recommend, if he had no concern in the framing it. It is certain that popular Assemblies will listen with some degree of jealousy to the advocation of those who have been in Convention, & in those Assemblies the greatest 111 opposition to any effectual system must arise, because in fact their powers & the abuse of them, are the root of the evil that is to be remedied.

I give you joy of your Grandson—be so good as to remember me to its Parents & to Mrs. Adams.

Adieu

I received with great Pleasure your favour of the first.— Your Excursion I dare answer for it, will be advantageous in many respects to our Country.— The Object of mine to Holland was to procure Money, and I had the good fortune to obtain as much as was necessary for the then present Purpose: but it was not in Consequence of any orders from Congress, and therefore I am under Some Apprehension for fear my Loan should not be ratified with so much Promptitude as I wish. If Congress ratify my Loan they will be able to pay the 2000 Guineas to the officers you mention, and to pay the Principal Sum too, if they please.— I have no doubt that Congress might borrow Money in Holland to pay off the Debt to France, if the States would lay on a Duty, to pay the Interest.— If you will venture to draw upon Willinks and Vanstaphorsts, I Suppose you may have the Money to pay the French officers their Interest.— But perhaps you would choose to have a previous Order of Congress or the Board of Treasury.

I am extreamly Sorry, that you could not come for your Daughter in Person, and that We are obliged to part with her so soon. In my Life I never Saw a more charming Child.— accept of my Thanks, for the Pamphlets and arrets.— Tell Mazzei, he cannot conceive what an Italian I am become—I read nothing else, and if he writes to me it must be in that Language: but he must remember to make his Letters, So plain, that I can see them. in Writing English he is obliged to write So slow that his Characters are visible: but in Italian Such is the Rapidity of his Eloquence, that I must get a solar Microscope, if he is not upon his guard. You too, write Italian, and if you like it, you will oblige me: but I am not yet presumptuous enough to write a Line in any Thing but rugged American. I am, my dear Sir / with perfect Friendship yours