Papers of John Adams, volume 19

To John Adams from Rufus King, 10 February 1787 King, Rufus Adams, John
From Rufus King
Dr. Sir New york 10 Feby. 1787 1

Letters are this moment receivid from Genl. Lincoln giving the pleasing intillegence that he dispersed the Party under Shays on the morning of the 5th. instant— the Insurgents had marched on the 4th. from Pelham to Pitersham distant 30 miles, with about 1500 Men— Genl. Lincoln moved after them at Eight OClock on the same Evening and came on them by Surprize at 9. OClock the next Morning, they fled in all directions; 150 were made prisoners— Shays escaped into New Hampshire, and his men are wholly dispersed—

Genl. Lincoln marched on the 6th. with a respectable force into the County of Berkshire where it is said there is a Body of Insurgents— the dessolution of the Assembly under Shays will totally discourage his partizans in Berkshire— the Leaders I think will be easily taken unless they fly—

What will give you much satisfaction is the Declaration made by the Legislature that a Rebellion exists in the Commonwealth— you know the energy and Authority of the supreme Executive in consequence of this Declaration— the General Court met on Saturday the 3d instant, received the Address of the Governor, which I inclose,2 and on Sunday the 4th. approved the measures which he had adopted, declared that a Rebellion existed in the Commonwealth, and requested him to adopt the most vigourous measures for the Suppression thereof— I will not add—except that I am most respectfully your obt. & very / Hb̃le Servt

Rufus King

I write this in great Haste and am uncertain whether I can get it on board the Packet—

RC (Adams Papers); internal address: “His Excellency / Mr. Adams &c &c”; endorsed by AA2: “Mr King Feb 10th. / 1787—”

1.

King wrote to JA on 9 Feb., alerting him that congressional thanks to Maria I for Portuguese naval protection of U.S. ships was forthcoming along with orders for WSS to deliver the message (King, Life and Corr. , 1:212–213).

2.

The enclosure, not found, was Massachusetts governor James Bowdoin’s 3 Feb. address to the General Court, which summarized the Shaysite uprising and warned that it might bring about “a civil war, & all its dreadful consequences: which may extend, not only to the neighbouring States, but even to the whole confederacy; & finally destroy the fair temple of American liberty.” On 4 Feb., as Gen. Benjamin Lincoln’s army marched through a snowstorm to suppress the Shaysites, the Mass. General Court issued a strong condemnation of the insurgents. Observing that “a horrid and unnatural Rebellion and War, has been openly and traiterously raised and levied against this Commonwealth,” it resolved to “bring forth, all the power of the Commonwealth” to quash 11 it (Mass., Acts and Laws , 1786–1787, p. 424–426, 959–964).

In a letter to JA of 9 Feb., King had enclosed a 1 Feb. letter from Springfield, Mass., merchant Thomas Dwight as well as Dwight’s copied extracts of 25 Jan. letters that insurgent leader Luke Day had written to Daniel Shays and to Gen. William Shepard; the letter written to Shays had been intercepted (Adams Papers). Dwight’s letter to King was a colorful and detailed account of the Shaysites’ climax, and it was the first news that JA received of the rebellion’s suppression, for which see vol. 18:552.

From Thomas Barclay to the American Commissioners, 10 February 1787 Barclay, Thomas American Commissioners
Thomas Barclay to the American Commissioners
Gentlemen. Alicante 10th. February 1787.

Since I wrote to you from hence the 6th. of last month1 I have been much aflicted with the Rheumatism in my Loins, which confin’d me to my bed with pains great beyond Description. I am now free of them, and Shall leave this place in a few Days. Upon further reflection, I thought it best not to abandon the Idea of meeting Mr. Lamb, and therefore I wrote to him, at Port Mahon, that I woud go to Valencia and from thence to Barcelona, if he wou’d embark for this last place and meet me there— I inform’d him that my orders from Congress were to make a Settlement with all the people in Europe who are employ’d, or who have been employ’d, in their Service—and that the Ministers at London and Paris wish that I may be able to comply with the desire which he communicated to them of having his account Settled here—and I desir’d him to answer me by one letter address’d for me at Valencia and another at Barcelona. If his buisness or health will not permit him to see me I will probably go to Madrid from Valencia—or perhaps to France from Barcelona— But my movements will in Some measure be govern’d by the necessity I Shall find myself under of going to Coruña.— The Gentlemen, with whom my buisness lyes there, have not by any means comply’d with my request. They acknowledge that there is some property belonging to the Prizes carried in by Captain Cunnyngham, in their hands, but they have applyed it towards the Discharge of expences incurred by the South Carolina frigate, commanded by Commodore Gillon, and with respect to the public effects left by him, little can be known by what they write,— I fear nothing will ever be recover’d of any consequence from these effects or from this Balance—yet having them pointed out as objects to be attended to, I am unwilling to leave anything undone on my part; In the mean time—I Shall communicate to the Secretary of foreign affairs what I have collected on these Subjects, and determine hereafter whether I Shall pass to Coruña or not.2

12

I receiv’d a letter from Mr. Jefferson Dated the 26th. of December,3 in which he Says he will write to Mr. Adams to join, him in desiring Mr. Lamb to Settle his accounts—a Circumstance that proves very agreeable to me—However willing Mr. Lamb may be to do it without Such a letter. I am Gentlemen with the greatest Respect and Esteem. / Your most obedt. Servant

Thos Barclay4

The Count D’Espilly &c. Sail’d from this Bay about ten Days ago for Algier.

RC in an unknown hand (Adams Papers); internal address: “Their Excellencies, / John Adams & Thomas Jefferson Esqrs:—”

1.

On 6 Jan., Barclay informed the commissioners that he had missed meeting with John Lamb, who was already en route to Minorca. Barclay made a one-day trip to Cartagena, Spain, to petition the Conde d’Expilly, Spanish envoy to Algiers, to extend aid to the American captives held there, but an outbreak of bubonic plague constrained all attempts at travel. Barclay recommended that the commissioners dispatch William Carmichael to resume negotiations with the dey, since there was “No American subject in Spain or France—Mr. Jefferson is out of the Question—So adequate to the Task” (Jefferson, Papers , 11:21–22).

Barclay also wrote a second letter on 10 Feb. to JA, “Extremely anxious” to hear JA’s views on how he handled negotiations with Morocco (Adams Papers). JA replied on 3 April, below.

2.

Following up on a request made by Robert Morris in 1783, Barclay planned to recover American public goods and military supplies left in La Coruña, Spain, likely by the Rusé, a merchant ship chartered by Col. John Laurens in 1781. In addition, Barclay referred to the controversy over goods seized by Capt. Gustavus Conyngham, of the Continental cutter Revenge, and by Como. Alexander Gillon, of the South Carolina navy (vols. 6:40, 120; 12:index; 18:511; JA, D&A , 2:447).

3.

An inadvertence; Thomas Jefferson’s letter was of 27 Dec. 1786 (Jefferson, Papers , 10:637–638).

4.

In Barclay’s hand.