Adams Family Correspondence, volume 14

221 Abigail Adams to Abigail Adams Smith, 27 April 1800 Adams, Abigail Adams, Abigail (daughter of JA and AA)
Abigail Adams to Abigail Adams Smith
My dear Mrs Smith Philadelphia April 27th. 1800.

I have been so much engaged that I have not been able to get time to write you a line this week. I have paid four visits to the Secretarie’s ladies, and took tea with them, and one to Mrs Senator Read, all of which you know by experience takes up time. we had on thursday 14 couple of young ladies and gentlemen to dine, Bingham, Hares, Whites, Wilsons, Peter’s, Rush’s, Pinckney’s, Breck’s, Reads, and Bard, & Miss Duane from New York.1 Whilst at dinner Thomas, rose, or rather just before I left the table, he came and whispered “suppose we have a dance this evening,” with all my heart provided it is thus accidentally struck up, but you must not sit long at table. They all came to the drawing room to tea, & in the meantime the tables were cleared, the room lighted up, and by eight o clock they were all dancing, they kept it up till 12, when they all retired. A happier or pleasanter circle I have not seen together. Maria Morris, was also of the party, & two Miss Walice’s, several of them expressed great satisfaction, coming so unexpectedly, when it was so little contemplated, said they should place it amongst the happiest evenings of their lives. You will see from the trial of Cooper, from that of three French Pirates Fries that neither calumny, treason, or Piracy, are tolerated by even Philadelphia juries.2 May justice and judgment be the stability of our Government, and Mercy temper justice where it can, may our laws be a terror to evil doers, whilst they encourage those who do well. I believe these decisions will work out our safety. I consider them of much greater importance than the mutiny’s on board a ship or two, one of which was occasioned by a refusal to let the sailor’s have lights,3 it shows however a spirit of disorder and insubordination which must be quelled and by severity if no mild measures will do. I think however that representations should be made, and precautions taken to gaurd against surprize. We should at all times be ready for defence.

Your affectionate / Mother

A. A.

Tr in ABA’s hand (Adams Papers); internal address: “Mrs W. S. Smith”; APM Reel 327.

1.

Sarah Duane was the daughter of the late James Duane, former mayor of New York City (George Rogers Howell and Jonathan Tenney, History of the County of Albany, N.Y., N.Y., 1886, p. 163; Biog. Dir. Cong. ).

2.

The Philadelphia schooner Eliza, Capt. William Wheland, was bound for St. Thomas on 12 Sept. 1799 when it was commandeered by three Frenchmen who had joined the crew under assumed names. Mutineers 222 Joseph Boulanger, Joseph Berrouse, and Peter La Croix killed all of the crew except Wheland, who was spared in exchange for continuing to navigate. Wheland managed to retake the vessel and brought the mutineers as prisoners to Philadelphia. The men were convicted in U.S. Circuit Court on 21 April 1800 and hanged on 9 May (Joseph Gibbs, On the Account: Piracy and the Americas, 1766–1835, Portland, Ore., 2012, p. 12–14, 20, 26–27). For the trials of Dr. Thomas Cooper and John Fries, see AA to JQA, 27 April, and note 4, above, and TBA to JQA, 11 May, and note 6, below.

3.

AA may have been referring to a 4 April mutiny by 200 sailors aboard the U.S. frigate Congress off Norfolk, Va., which was attributed to “a tendency to Mutiny and disorder in the late Crew.” Two leaders were at first sentenced to death, but the punishment was reduced to 100 lashes (Philadelphia Universal Gazette, 17 April; Naval Documents of the Quasi-War , 5:462, 520–521).

Abigail Adams to Cotton Tufts, 30 April 1800 Adams, Abigail Tufts, Cotton
Abigail Adams to Cotton Tufts
Dear Sir April 30 1800 Philadelphia

I received Yours of the 22d Yesterday. I have already written You that the President and I are both well Satisfied with what you have done respecting help— I forwarded to you the Ways, and Means in a Letter of April 17th the receit of which I wish to learn as soon as possible. I have never lost any thing by post, and hope that what I then inclosed went safe— a vessel is now here going to Boston it is too late to send Grass seed, or we might have done it to advantage. the President has authorised me to have a number of Lombardy poplars sit out opposite the House near the wall which was new sit two years ago he says he will have them extended from the gate agains Beals to the corner against Mr Black. I am first for making an experiment of about 50 as far as they will extend in front—and that those Should be of some Size. if Hay is to be purchased at 4/6 pence the President would have three or 4 Ton bought, but thinks we are pretty well for Hay in our stables, but it is not like it can be lower

by this vessel we propose to send the marble for the herths and the Sides and front of the chimny which I request may be made to conform to them. mr Bates is to make a Mantle peice in both the Rooms & the chimnys to be both alike for bigness— the sides of the Jams will also send which will be of cast Iron. the back you will provide I propose that there should be a portico over the back door the same as the front. I believe we had better not purchase any stock for fatning you mention a cow, & there is one Yoke of the oxen must either be sold or fatned. we have so many Horses that they devour all before them. shall we not want a supply of corn? will it not be best to get 50 or 60 Bushel & Rye. the price will rise as there is Such a scarcity in England that they are obliged to go to their Enemies to 223 feed them. 20 dollors pr Barrel is offerd for flower untill sep’br next, which will cause a great exportation of it from hence.1 I shall write to you immediatly upon the Sailing of this vessel. she is expected to go on saturday the 3d of May tho I wish the buisness expidited.2 I do not wish to have it so hurried as not to be well done—

I hope to leave here the week after next the President will soon follow— I am most concernd about Garden Stuff enough—

we are all well Mrs smith and cousin Betsy surprized us with a visit we were very glad to see them3

affectionatly / Yours

A Adams

RC (Adams Papers); endorsed: “Mrs. Adams April 30 / 1800. Philadelp”; notation: “27.”

1.

Wartime disruptions and poor harvests in 1799 and 1800 caused high food prices in England and triggered more than 200 riots. In contrast to the British government’s response to similar shortages in 1795, food imports were officially encouraged in 1800, and the crisis eased by 1801 (L. A. Clarkson and E. Margaret Crawford, Feast and Famine: Food and Nutrition in Ireland, 1500–1920, N.Y., 2001, p. 131; Andrew Charlesworth, ed., An Atlas of Rural Protest in Britain, 1548–1900, repr. edn., N.Y., 2018, p. 100–101).

2.

In a letter to Tufts of 3 May 1800 (ICN:Herbert R. Strauss Coll.), AA reported that she had placed marble and iron parts for the Peacefield construction project aboard the schooner Polly, Capt. Gilbert B. Fish. A Boston newspaper advertised that the Polly was off-loading Philadelphia freight on 16 May (Philadelphia Gazette, 28 April; Boston Columbian Centinel, 24 May).

3.

In a letter of [ca. 27 April] to Hannah Carter Smith and Elizabeth Smith, AA expressed pleasure that they had arrived in Philadelphia and invited them to dine (MHi:Smith-Carter Family Papers).