Adams Family Correspondence, volume 13

Abigail Adams to Mary Smith Cranch, 26 May 1798 Adams, Abigail Cranch, Mary Smith
Abigail Adams to Mary Smith Cranch
my dear sister Philadelphia May 26 1798

yours of the 18 I received on Thursday 23— and I rejoice to hear mr Black got home so soon, as I think he could dissipate your anxiety on our account. I may be too confident, but I do not feel as if any body wanted to hurt or injure us. bearing neither malice or ill will towards any one, not even the most deluded, I cannot be particuliarly apprehensive. I wish the Laws of our Country were competant to punish the stirer up of sedition, the writer and Printer of base and unfounded calumny. this would contribute as much to the Peace and harmony of our Country as any measure, and in times like the present, a more carefull and attentive watch ought to be kept over foreigners. this will be done in future if the Alien Bill passes, without being curtaild & clipt untill it is made nearly useless— The Volunteer Corps which are forming not only of young Men, but others will keep in check these people I trust. amongst 56 the many addresses have you particuliarly noticed one from the state of N Jersey with the Govr at their head, as commander in chief. it is from all the officers, and they are not vain and empty tenders for a deputation from their Body is comeing to Present the address on monday next, and to tender their Services as a volunteer Corps— I wish with you that I could see as great a Change for the better in morals as in politicks, but it is a part of Religion as well as morality, to do justly and to love mercy and a man can not be an honest & Zealous promoter of the Principles of a Free Government, without possessing that Good will towards man which leads to the Love of God, and respect for the deity, so that a proper appreciation of our Rights & duties as Citizens, is a prelude to a respect for Religion, and its institutions. to destroy and undermine Religion has been the cheif engine in the accomplishment of this mighty Revolution throughout Europe. we have felt no small share of the balefull influence, of the Age of Reason—but to have a through Idea of the deep laid system, you must read a Work lately publishd calld proofs of a conspiracy against all the Religions and Governments of Europe, by John Robison Professor of Natural Philosophy in the university of Edinburgh.1 this Book I have sent to dr Belknap with a request that if he possesst a Copy, that he would send it to mr Cranch. if he has not, he will lend it to him. you will read the Book with astonishment. What led me to send the Book at this time, was from a Letter from my son at Berlin, who I know from his manner of writing had not seen the Book. it was first publishd last sep’br in Edinburgh in his Letter he mentions a society calld a Theo Philanthropick, and describes it as a Theological & political mixture of deism, morality and Anti Christianity—that to propogate these doctrines, Persons had been sent lately to Hamburgh; and that dupont de Nemours was talk’d of as comeing out to America to establish such societies here—

I have made the extract from his Letter at length, and sent it to dr Belnap together with Robisons Work, which fully unfolds the whole scheme, and displays the effects of the Principles in the Revolutions in Europe to their full extent. I thought I could not do a better service than to put our Country men upon their Gaurd. the son of this dupont has just arrived in this city from Charlstown S C where he was Consul. he is now sent here in order to Superceed Le Tomb, as consul general.2 He told a Gentleman who mentiond it at the drawing Room last Evening that his Father was gone to Hamburgh in order to embark for America, which corresponds with the account 57 given by mr A— and he added that he found the spirit of the times such, that he should be very sorry to have his Father come out. the intention was that he should have come out to accompany the Marquiss La Fayett & Family. by this means you see, he would naturally have been cordially & kindly received, and have crept unsuspected into the Bosoms of Americans, untill he had bit like a serpent and stung like an Adder. was there ever a more basely designing and insidious people? Burk was right, when he described the French republick to be founded upon Regicide, Jacobinism and Atheism, and that it had joind to those Principles: a body of systamatick manners, which secured their opperation.3

Robisons Book will shew you how much the corruption of manners has aided in the destruction of all Religions and moral Principles— all the new institutions strike at the root of our social nature. mr Burk goes on to observe in his Letters upon the Regicide directory, “that other Legislators knowing that marriage is the origin of all Relations, and concequently the first Element of all duties: have endeavourd by every Art to make it sacred.” the following observation ought to be indelbly written upon every mind.

“The Christian Religion by confineing it to pairs and by rendering that Relation indissoluable, has by these two things, done more towards the peace, happiness, settlement and civilization of the world, than by any other part in this whole Scheme of divine wisdom”4

I objected to the answer to the Boston address upon the same Principle you mention. I did get an alteration in it, but between ourselves, I think the address itself as indifferent as most any one which has been sent, but this is confidential—

inclosed is a Letter for mr Black which I return as he requested— I hear nothing yet of the Box sent for cousin Betsy— I hope it is not lost

we have had some delightfull rains these two days past. I want to escape the cage & fly to Quincy but know not when to say it will be— I am my dear sister / affectionatly Yours

A Adams—

Ps Louiss desires me to inquire when you expect her sister back my Letter to you are first thoughts, without correction

RC (MWA:Abigail Adams Letters).

1.

John Robison, Proofs of a Conspiracy Against All the Religions and Governments of Europe, Phila., 1798, Evans, No. 34477, originally Edinburgh, 1797. Robison (1739–1805), University of Glasgow 1756, was a scientist and inventor, who had been elected chair of natural philosophy at the University of Edinburgh in 1773. His most popular work, Proofs of a Conspiracy, argued that the French Revolution was the result of agitation by “free 58 masons, illuminati, and reading societies” ( DNB ).

2.

AA’s letter to Rev. Jeremy Belknap, dated 24 May 1798 (MHi:Jeremy Belknap Papers), included an extract from JQA’s letter to JA of 17 Feb. (Adams Papers), in which JQA discussed the establishment of a French theophilanthropical society at Hamburg intended to incite insurrection. JQA also reported the involvement of Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours, who intended to come to the United States with similar plans. In her letter to Belknap, AA suggested that he have the extract printed and also forwarded a copy of Robison’s book. For the publication of the extract, see Belknap to AA, 30 May, and note 5, below.

Dupont de Nemours (1739–1817) was a French economist who despite publishing a republican newspaper had narrowly escaped execution during the Reign of Terror. A member of the legislature during the coup d’état of 18 fructidor, he was briefly imprisoned before resigning his seat and deciding to emigrate. He arrived in the United States in Jan. 1800, ultimately settling in Delaware. His eldest son, Victor Marie (1767–1827), served as the attaché to the first French legation to the United States and held several subsequent diplomatic posts before becoming the consul at Charleston, S.C., in 1796. Through his father’s influence, he was named consul general to the United States, but JA refused to receive him. He then returned to France before emigrating with the rest of his family ( ANB , entry on Eleuthère Irénée du Pont; Cambridge Modern Hist. , 8:515; Washington, Diaries , 5:418; DAB ).

3.

Burke, Letters on a Regicide Peace , p. 46–47.

4.

Same, p. 49.

Abigail Adams to John Quincy Adams, 27 May 1798 Adams, Abigail Adams, John Quincy
Abigail Adams to John Quincy Adams
my dear son sunday Philadelphia May 27th 1798

As the vessel by which I have already written to you, did not sail yesterday, I can now inform you that the Bill for the protection of our commerce past yesterday in the House of Rep’s 50 to 40—1 it impowers our vessels of war to capture, and bring in all French cruizers and Privateers which shall be found hovering upon our Coast.— it will pass into a Law tomorrow.

We are still in the dark why our Envoys remain in Paris— we have reason to believe that they were there as late as the 8th of April, tho the Government is without any dispatches of later date than those, which I have Sent you by this opportunity

I inclose the latest paper to you. Mr dayton the speeker of the House of Rep’s, has been through the whole of this session as firm & steady as a Rock. This state appears to have had an astonishing Change of sentiment. it is in the City, more united in sentiment than Nyork2

The Levingstone aristocracy dominers there, tho according to there Education, and there means of dissipation & allurements they are apt scholors of the Orlean Faction. an insatiable Ambition devours the Chancellor. To see mr Jay stand higher in the publick estimation, and Elected Chief over him; fills him with the same sensations, which Milton puts into the mouth of the Arch fiend. “Better 59 to Reign in hell, than serve in Heaven.”3 If you wish to order your Books to America, and think it safe, I will find a shelter for them. most affectionatly Your / Mother

A Adams—

Ps To mrs Adams Love & to Thomas—

RC (Adams Papers).

1.

AA had written to JQA the previous day, noting the continuing flood of addresses in support of the president and government as well as the ongoing attempts in the House of Representatives to block defensive measures. She also recommended that JQA read John Robison’s Proofs of a Conspiracy Against All the Religions and Governments of Europe. She wrote again to JQA on 29 May reporting the success of convoys in protecting American vessels (both Adams Papers). Her letters of 26, 27, and 29 May were likely all carried by the brig Peter, Capt. Hansen, which sailed from Philadelphia on the 29th and arrived in Hamburg on 7 July (Philadelphia American Daily Advertiser, 29 May; Philadelphia Porcupine’s Gazette, 5 Oct.). For the law authorizing the protection of American commerce and U.S. coasts, see AA to Cotton Tufts, 25 May, and note 2, above.

2.

The enclosure has not been found but was likely the Philadelphia Gazette of the United States, 26 May, reporting on the 10 May debates over the provisional army during which Jonathan Dayton gave a lengthy defense of the bill. He argued the opposition was promoting “Weakness and Submission” as a new American motto and dishonoring the legacy of the Revolutionary War. Dayton called on other members “to make their stand” and to defend the bill “inch by inch.” The newspaper also printed two articles condemning Albert Gallatin for his opposition to the administration and published a number of supportive addresses to JA.

3.

Milton, Paradise Lost, Book 1, line 263.