I address you again after a short interval from the date of my last, having little more to say than that hitherto we are all in health, which I doubt not you will be glad to learn.1 We have had several attempts to conjure up the yellow fever among us, and I have no doubt that cases of it have already occurred, for towards the close of the last & beginning of the current month the weather was excessively hot and I never knew a very warm spell in this City that did not cause many sudden deaths from billious diseases. The weather has again become moderate and our apprehensions have in great degree subsided, though I am fearful the respite will be short. The fever of which perhaps ten or a dozen people died within a fortnight, past, was not contagious, though a month or six weeks later it is conjectured that it would have proved so. Many families have left the City, but they had engaged houses in the Country before the approach of Summer & since they must pay for them they are unwilling to lose the benefit of dwelling in them, but though the town is thin of inhabitants it is not quite deserted. I am about passing a few weeks in the Country, from choice, not from necessity, for I never knew Philadelphia more healthy than it seems to be at this moment. The approach of Autumn must necessarily increase the number of disorders and yellow fever most probably will be in the train. The Cities of Baltimore & New York are as yet healthy and God grant they may continue so throughout the season.

I have to request you would be so obliging as to purchase either ready made or give directions for the making of three large coverlits of down, such as they make at Hamburg for the use of Ships, but large enough to cover a common size American bed for two people. The material used for stuffing these bed quilts is I think called—— down, (I forget the first name) however you will know what I mean I presume, from the above; The Callico in which the down is stuffed is generally very rotten unless particular orders are given to make use of a better quality; you will be good enough to pay attention to 512 this circumstance if you should not find such a business too much out of your way. The application to me is from my Mother, whom I am sure you will oblige with cheerfulness, and if the order can be completed so that the articles can be made to reach Boston Newyork or Philadelphia before the winter, it will be a great accommodation. At the same time you may send me out a clever winter great coat, in exchange for that I left behind me, & which I shrewdly suspect has been appropriated to Consular purposes. The expence & charges of the first order you will please to pass to my account.

The renewal of intercourse between us & certain ports of St: Domingo is the only occurrence worthy of notice of a recent date. At the same instant, that the Presidents proclamation appeared, authorizing this renewal, a report was circulated that Toussaint was dead; we have every reason to believe it was a fabrication.2

The waves of the Mediterranean, must sink beneath the burthen of Ships & Cannon, which we hear have recently passed the streights of Gibraltar.3 What a mighty conflict may we not anticipate from the encounter of such numerous & powerful fleets. Their thunder will make old Ocean tremble for his domain. We are gaping for the sound of victory as if we were within battle.

Our friends in different parts of the Country are generally well. The season is promising beyond example in this State— Trade florishes & increases rapidly in spite of all vexations & discouragements from external causes, and political tranquility was never more predominant. Point to the spot on the map of Europe or turn the globe as you will, can any place be found of the same latitude in point of prosperity with the United States? I bequeath the problem to your solution, and subscribe with great esteem & consideration / Your friend & ob: Servt:

If it be only to thank you for your favor of the 7th: I will devote an minute previous to the meeting of Court; I thank you also for the Walpole paper, which entertains and delights me more than any of the literary productions of the Country. If there were an Editor here of the same taste as the Walpole Bard, I should sometimes indulge an itching which besets me for scribling— I know not precisely in what strain I might indulge, but having a wide field before me full of rich vegetation & delicious fertility I could not long hesitate on what to bestow my mite of cultivation. Perhaps, with “the bee,” I might also “travel & expatiate.“1 But what encouragement is there to “cast pearls before Swine?” There is no taste, no relish for miscellaneous reading among the professional men of this place— I ask pardon of those who may be exceptions to the general rule—some there are, tho’ few— I dread these mere Lawyers & Doctors & Divines, they are of no use or amusement but to their respective fraternities, and yet they are emiment men—full of professional knowledge & formidable on their own ground—soaring high in their appropriate elements & only fit to dwell therein.

The high Court of Errors & Appeals will close its Session to day. Not much business has come before it, but two important questions of law particularly relating to our State practice & jurisprudence have been argued with great professional skill by the old ones of the Bar. My Master Ingersoll’s reputation stands unquestionably foremost on the list of worthies & able. He surpasses all the rest in some particulars & is inferior in none.2

This Court Consists of a large number of Judges—towit, The Chief Justice or President (Mr: Chew) Three Judges of the Supreme Court, and the Presidents of the Court of Common Please in all the Counties. As however the jurisdiction of this Court is only appellate, all cases brought before it by writ of Error from the Supreme Court, which have been there adjudged, can have no second opinion passed 514 on them by the judges of the Supreme Court. This circumstance has in one or two instances created embarrassment during this term, because the chief Justices health would not permit his attendance and there were only four Justices present besides the Supreme Court Judges, five being necessary to make a Court (a quorum) when the case to be heard had been previously adjudged in the Court below. Another Justice has been sent for from Lancaster & is expected on the bench to day. I have been in company with the strange Justices one of whom is Mr: Addison & was pleased with their conversation— Judge Rush (a brother of the Drs:) though a man of some Science & very federal is nevertheless, as Stockdale the English bookseller said to my father, of him, a thick sculled, water drinker.3 He thinks Buonaparte the most wonderful General that has appeared since Cresar— I observed that in my opinion the Arch Duke Charles was the superior man & General— He treated the observation rather slightly, by saying, the only time the two men were opposed to each other, the Arch Dukes laurels withered in an instant.— With warmth— I retorted—He nevertheless compelled the preliminaries of Leobon & had it in his power, if the fate of Vienna could have been risked on the event of a battle, to have anihilated Buonaparte & his Army. I have always understood otherwise said he, & there we stopped. I always get in a passion when I hear the french Idol of the day, extravagantly extolled by any other than a frenchman— The ephemeral butterfly will always dazzle an infantine imagination.

The little extract you made from a letter, makes amends for the groundless suspicion once excited by the same author. The last Sentence contains a truth to which every Son in the Country will give a ready assent & every reasonable parent will not refuse to concur in it.4 At the age of maturity, every man, in a free Country, is entitled to judge for himself, unless he is in a state of dependence. Men often judge erroneously even in things most interesting to themselves, but men are also wicked & commit crimes against positive commands to the contrary. Is this a reason for denying them the exercise of free will, on one hand or a good argument for dispensing with prohibitions against vice, on the other?

I go out of town this afternoon— A fresh alarm of the fever, these two days past has existed— A Son of F A: Muhlenberg, died of it yesterday & two more are sick, who were apprentices in the same Store in water Street.5 I think the public offices will soon remove.

I cannot make another journey this Summer, though it would give 515 me pleasure to pass it with you & the family at Quincy. If I remove from this State, it shall be the last time.

With best love to all, I remain / Yours in truth & sincerity