Adams Papers Digital Edition

Legal Papers of John Adams, volume 1

Guide to Editorial Apparatus Guide to Editorial Apparatus
Guide to Editorial Apparatus
Textual Devices

The following devices are used throughout The Adams Papers to clarify the presentation of the text.

[...], [....] One or two words missing or illegible and not conjecturable.
[...]1, [....]1 More than two words missing or illegible and not conjecturable; subjoined footnote estimates amount of matter represented by suspension points.
[ ] Number or part of a number missing or illegible. Amount of blank space inside brackets approximates the number of missing or illegible digits.
[roman] Conjectural reading for missing or illegible matter. A question mark is inserted before the closing bracket if the conjectural reading is seriously doubtful.
<italic> Matter canceled in the manuscript but restored in our text.
[italic] Editorial insertion in the text.
Adams Family Code Names

In conformity with practice elsewhere in The Adams Papers, the editors have avoided constant and confusing repetition of names of members of the Adams family throughout the annotation by using the following short but unmistakable forms for the names of those principally concerned:

First Generation
JA John Adams (1735–1826)
AA Abigail Smith (1744–1818), m. JA 1764
PBA Peter Boylston Adams (1738–1823), JA's brother
Second Generation
JQA John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), son of JA and AA
AA2 Abigail Adams (1765–1813), daughter of JA and AA
cxx
Third Generation
CFA Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886), son of JQA
Fourth Generation
BA Brooks Adams (1848–1927), son of CFA
Descriptive Symbols

The following symbols are employed throughout The Adams Papers to describe or identify in brief form the various kinds of manuscript originals.

Dft draft
FC file copy (Ordinarily a copy of a letter retained by a correspondent other than an Adams, since all three of the Adams statesmen systematically entered copies of their outgoing letters in letterbooks.)
Lb Letterbook (Used only to designate Adams letterbooks and always in combination with the short form of the writer's name and a serial number, as follows: Lb/JQA/29, i.e. the twenty-ninth volume of John Quincy Adams' Letterbooks.)
LbC letterbook copy
MS, MSS manuscript, manuscripts
RC recipient's copy
Location Symbols

Locations of documents privately owned and of documents in public institutions outside the United States are to be given in expanded or at least completely recognizable form. Locations of documents held by public institutions in the United States are to be indicated by the short, logical, and unmistakable institutional symbols used in the National Union Catalog in the Library of Congress. The following list gives the symbols and their expanded equivalents for institutions in the United States owning originals drawn upon in the Legal Papers of John Adams.

DLC Library of Congress
DNA The National Archives
M-Ar Massachusetts Archives
MB Boston Public Librarycxxi
MBAt Boston Athenaeum
MeHi Maine Historical Society
MH Harvard College Library
MH-Ar Harvard Archives
MH-BA Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration
MH-L Harvard Law School
MHi Massachusetts Historical Society
MQA Adams National Historic Site, Quincy, Massachusetts
MQHi Quincy Historical Society
MSaE Essex Institute, Salem, Massachusetts
NHi New-York Historical Society
NN New York Public Library
RPB Brown University Library, Providence, Rhode Island
VtHi Vermont Historical Society
Other Abbreviations and Conventional Terms
Manuscripts and other materials, 1639–1889, in the Adams Manuscript Trust collection given to the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1956 and enlarged by a few additions of family papers since then. Citations in the present edition refer almost always to the microfilm reel number where the manuscript may be found. Other materials in the Adams Papers editorial office, Massachusetts Historical Society. These include photoduplicated documents (normally cited by the location of the originals), photographs, correspondence, and bibliographical and other aids compiled and accumulated by the editorial staff. The corpus of the Adams Papers, 1639–1889, as published on microfilm by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1954–1959, in 608 reels. Cited in the present work by reel number, in almost all references to the Adams Papers. The collected papers of Massachusetts Governor Francis Bernard, in volumes 4, 10, and 43 of the Sparks Manuscripts, MH. cxxii English court of Chancery. Chief Justice. English court of Common Pleas. “Notes of Cases decided in the Superiour and Supreme Judicial Courts of Massachusetts from 1772 to 1789—taken by the Honorable William Cushing one of the Judges during that period and most of the time Chief Justice.” MH-L. Records of the Governor and Council sitting as Court of Divorce. 1760–1786, in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. English court of Exchequer. House of Lords. Hancock Papers, Baker Library, MH-BA. Massachusetts Inferior Court of Common Pleas. Justice. John Adams' office book or writ book, MQA. English court of King's Bench. Massachusetts Archives, State House, Boston. cxxiii Registry of Deeds, Middlesex County, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Minute Books of the Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Case numbers pre-fixed by “C” are continued actions; those prefixed by “N” are new actions. Minute Books of the Massachusetts Inferior Court of Common Pleas for Suffolk County, in the custody of the Clerk of the Massachusetts Superior Court for Civil Business, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Nisi Prius MS diary of Robert Treat Paine, dating from 25 March 1756 to 8 May 1814, Paine Papers, MHi. MS volumes of notes on contemporary cases, Paine Papers, MHi. MS notes on the Boston Massacre trials, Paine Papers, MHi. MS collected papers of Robert Treat Paine, other than diary or law and Massacre notes, MHi. Papers of the Continental Congress. Originals in the National Archives; microfilm edition in 204 reels. Usually cited in the present work from the microfilms, but according to the original series and volume numbering devised in the State Department in the early 19th century; for example, PCC, No. 93, III, i.e. the third volume of series 93. cxxiv Public Record Office, London. English court of Queen's Bench. Plan of the scene of the Boston Massacre, supposedly drawn by Paul Revere. Chamberlain Collection, MB. Record Group. Used, with appropriate numbers, to designate the location of documents in the National Archives. Suffolk County Court House, Early Court Files and Miscellaneous Papers in the Office of the Clerk of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature Records, in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Volumes are cited by inclusive dates. Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Records, in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Volumes are cited by inclusive dates. Massachusetts Supreme Court of Probate and Supreme Judicial Court Probate records, in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Annie Haven Thwing, comp., Inhabitants and Estates of the Town of Boston, 1630–1800; typed card catalogue, with supplementary bound typescripts, MHi. Upper Bench. (The equivalent during the Commonwealth, 1649–1660, of the English court of King's Bench.) cxxv Minute Book of the Massachusetts Court of Vice Admiralty, Boston, in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Records of the Massachusetts Court of Vice Admiralty, 3 vols., 1718–1745, in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court for Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. William Wetmore, Reports on Essex County Legal Cases, 1771–1778, Adams Papers, Microfilms, Reel No. 184, MHi.
Short Titles of Works Frequently Cited
A. Form of Citation

In general, the guide to citation form has been A Uniform System of Citation (Cambridge, Mass., 10th edn. 1958), with certain modifications in the interests of harmony with other volumes in The Adams Papers. Principal among the modifications are:

(1) Typography. Titles of books and periodicals are in italics; titles of articles are in roman, enclosed in quotation marks; titles of unpublished works, e.g. dissertations, are in roman without quotation marks.

(2) Short and full titles. All English and American law reports are cited by one of the common abbreviations listed in Black's Law Dictionary. To avoid the baroque verbiage of the early English law printers, the expanded titles for the several English reports are taken verbatim from Sweet and Maxwell, Legal Bibliography. Other books and periodicals frequently cited have generally been assigned short titles. Abbreviations of reports, and short titles, are listed below under “C. Other Works.” When any law report or short—titled work is cited, standard legal citation form is usually followed; volume number preceding author's last name or the short title; page number following title without punctuation. Works not cited often enough to merit a standard short—title form are cited in nonlegal form: author's complete name and the work's full title, followed by volume and page numbers cxxviand place and date of publication. When such a work is cited again within the same Legal Papers case, it is there given a short title and standard legal form is followed.

(3) Latin forms. Most Latin forms, such as supra and infra, have been replaced by English equivalents.

B. Statutes

English statutes are cited by regnal year, chapter and section if appropriate, and year of enactment. For example, 28 Hen. 8, c. 15,§2 (1536). Unless otherwise indicated, the text of 18th-century statutes quoted or referred to is that found in The Statutes at Large (Cambridge, Danby Pickering, ed., 46 vols., 1762–1807). More recent acts are cited from official session-law volumes.

Massachusetts provincial statutes are cited by date of enactment, and chapter and section if applicable. Unless otherwise indicated, the text quoted or referred to is that found in The Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay (Boston, ed. Ellis Ames, Abner C. Goodell, et al., 21 vols., 1869–1922), abbreviated A&R. For example, Act of 9 June 1693, c. 3, §8, 1 A&R 117.

Other statutes are cited in accordance with the principles of A Uniform System of Citation. Abbreviations appear immediately below.

C. Other Works See “B. Statutes,” immediately above. American Law Reports Annotated, Rochester, N.Y., 1919– . Acts of the Privy Council of England. Colonial Series, 1613–1783. W. L. Grant, James Munro, eds., Hereford, 1909–1912; 6 vols. Annual Massachusetts session-law volumes, Boston, 1839 to date. Randolph G. Adams, New Light on the Boston Massacre, Worcester, Mass., 1938. Adams Family Correspondence, ed. L.H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, Mass., 1963– . cxxvii Thomas R. Adams, “American Independence: The Growth of an Idea. A Bibliographical Study of the American Political Pamphlets Published between 1764 and 1766 ... ,” Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Publications, vol. 43 (in press). A pre-print of this bibliography was published by Brown University Press in 1965. American Historical Review. Cyrus Alden, An Abridgment of Law, with Practical Forms, in Two Parts. Part I. An Abridgment of Blackstone's Commentaries—Massachusetts Statute Laws and Massachusetts Term Reports, Boston, 1819. John Aleyn, Select Cases in the King's Bench, London, 1681. Charles Ambler, Reports, Court of Chancery, 2d edn., London, 1828; 2 vols. American Antiquarian Society, Proceedings. American Journal of Legal History. James Barr Ames, Lectures on Legal History and Miscellaneous Legal Essays, Cambridge, Mass., 1913. Charles McLean Andrews, The Colonial Period of American History, New Haven, 1934–1938; 4 vols. A List of the General and Field-Officers ... in the Army ... with The Dates of their Commissions ... with the Uniforms to each Regiment ... for 1770, London, n.d. Matthew Bacon, New Abridgment of the Law, London, 1736–1766; 5 vols. T. Barnardiston, Reports, Court of Chancery, London, 1742. cxxviii T. Barnardiston, Reports of Cases in the King's Bench from 12 King George I to Trinity Term 7 King George II, London, 1744; 2 vols. R. V. Barnewall and E. H. Alderson, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of King's Bench, Dublin, 1818–1822; 5 vols. Daines Barrington, Observations upon the Statutes, chiefly the more ancient from Magna Charta to 21st James the First, ch. xxvii, with appendix: a proposal for new modelling the Statutes, London, 1766. Thomas C. Barrow, The Colonial Customs Service, 1660–1775 (Harvard Univ. doctoral dissertation, 1961). Charles Beavan, Reports of Cases in Chancery, Rolls Court, 1838–1866, London, 1840–1869; 36 vols. Cesare Bonesana, Marchese di Beccaria, An Essay on Crimes and Punishments, 4th edn., London, 1775. Charles H. Bell, Bench and Bar of New Hampshire, Boston, 1894. George M. Bibb, Reports, Court of Appeals, Kentucky, 1808–1817, Frankfort, 1815–1817; 4 vols. Horace Binney, Reports (Pennsylvania Reports, 1799–1814), Phila., 1809–1815; 6 vols. Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774–1949, Washington, 1950. Henry C. Black, Black's Law Dictionary, 4th edn., St. Paul, 1951. Henry Blackstone, Reports, Court of Common Pleas and Exchequer Chamber, 1788–1796, London, 1791–1796; 2 vols. William Blackstone, Reports, Courts of Westminster Hall, 1746–cxxix1779, with a preface containing Memoirs of His Life, London, 1781; 2 vols. William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, Oxford, 1765–1769; 4 vols. City of Boston, Record Commissioners, Reports, Boston, 1876–1909; 39 vols. City of Boston, Street Commissioners, Streets, Alleys, Places, etc., in the City of Boston, Boston, 1910. Henry de Bracton, De Legibus et consuetudinibus Angliae Libri quinq, London, 1569. Arthur Browne, Civil Law, and ... the Law of Admiralty, 2d edn., London, 1802; 2 vols. Francis Buller, Introduction to the Law Relative to Trials at Nisi Prius, London, 1772. Edward Bulstrode, Reports in King's Bench, 1609–1626, London, 1688; 2 vols. Richard Burn, Ecclesiastical Law, 2d edn., London, 1767; 4 vols. James Burrow, Reports, King's Bench, 1756–1772, London, 1766–1780; 5 vols. William Burrell, Reports, Court of Admiralty and upon Appeal, 1758–1774, London, 1885. Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series, America and the West Indies, ed. W. N. Sainsbury and others, London, 1866–1926; 22 vols. Catalogue of the John Adams Library in the Public Library of the City of Boston, Boston, 1917. cxxx George Chalmers, ed., Opinions of Eminent Lawyers on Various Points of English Jurisprudence, Chiefly Concerning the Colonies, Fisheries, and Commerce of Great Britain, Burlington, Vt., 1858. Joseph Chitty, The Criminal Law, 2d edn., London, 1816; 4 vols. Joseph Chitty, Pleading and Parties to Actions, 2d edn., London, 1811; 2 vols. Edward Coke, Reports, London, 1727; 13 parts. Edward Coke, Second Part of the Institutes of the Lawes of England; containing the exposition of many ancient and other Statutes, London, 1642. Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England; concerning High Treason and other Pleas of the Crown, and Criminall Causes, London, 1644. Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England; concerning the jurisdiction of Courts, London, 1644. Edward Coke, First Part of the Institutes of the Lawes of England; or, Commentarie upon Littleton, 2d edn., London, 1629. Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Publications. Columbia Law Review. J. Comyns, Reports, King's Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer[with] Special Cases in Chancery and Before the Delegates, London, 1744. J. Comyns, Digest of the Laws of England, London, 1762–1767; 5 vols. Henry Cowper, Reports, King's Bench, 1774–1778, London, 1783. cxxxi William Cranch, Reports of Cases argued and adjudged in the Supreme Court of the United States, Washington, N.Y., and Flatbush, N.Y., 1804–1817; 9 vols. Criminal Law Quarterly. George Croke, Reports of Cases in King's Bench and Common Bench, Part 3, Charles, London, 1657. George Croke, Reports of Cases in King's Bench and Common Bench. Part 1, Elizabeth, London, 1661. George Croke, Reports of Cases in King's Bench and Common Bench. Part 2, James, London, 1683. T. Cunningham, New and Complete Law Dictionary; or General Abridgment of the Law, London, 1764–1765; 2 vols. The Journal and Letters of Samuel Curwen, ... from 1775 to 1783; with an Appendix of Biographical Sketches, ed. George Atkinson Ward, 4th edn., Boston, 1864. Luther S. Cushing, Reports (Massachusetts Reports 1848–1853), Boston, 1865–1866; 12 vols. Allen Johnson and Dumas Malone, eds., Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1928–1936; 20 vols. plus index and supplements. Alexander J. Dallas, Reports of Cases Ruled and Adjudged in the Courts of Pennsylvania before and since the Revolution and in the Several Courts of the United States, Philadelphia, 1790–1807; 4 vols. Michael Dalton, The Countrey Justice; containing the Practice, Duty and Power of the Justices of the Peace as well in as out of Their Sessions and ... an Appendix ... etc., London, 1746. cxxxii Nathan Dane, A General Abridgment and Digest of American Law, Boston, 1824; 8 vols. Franklin Bowditch Dexter, Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale College, with Annals of the College History, N.Y., 1885–1912; 6 vols. Oliver M. Dickerson, ed., Boston under Military Rule, 1768–1769, As Revealed in A Journal of the Times, Boston, 1936. Oliver M. Dickerson, The Navigation Acts and The American Revolution, Phila., 1951. John Dickens, Reports of Cases in the High Court of Chancery (1559–1797), London, 1803; 2 vols. Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, eds., The Dictionary of National Biography, N.Y. and London, 1885–1900; 63 vols. plus supplements. Jean Domat, The Civil Law in its Natural Order: Together with the Publick Law, transl. William Strahan, London, 1722; 2 vols. Sylvester Douglas, Reports, King's Bench, London, 1783. Samuel G. Drake, The History and Antiquities of Boston, Boston, 1856. Giles Duncombe, Trials per Pais: or Law concerning Juries by Nisi Prius, etc., London, 1665. J. Dyer, Ascuns Nouel Cases. Les Reports des divers select Matters et Resolutions, London, 1585. The English Reports; 176 vols. A collection and translation into English of all the early English reporters. General Abridgment of Cases in Equity, argued and adjudged in the cxxxiiiHigh Court of Chancery, etc., with several cases never before published, alphabetically digested under proper titles, London 1732–1756; 2 vols. H. Everard, History of Thomas Farrington's Regiment subsequently designated the 29th (Worcestershire) Foot 1694 to 1891, Worcester, England, 1891. Federal Reporter, Second Series, St. Paul, 1925– . Federal Supplement, St. Paul, 1933– . Thomas Farresley, Modern Cases, London, 1762. C. H. S. Fifoot, History and Sources of the Common Law, London, 1949. Anthony Fitz-Herbert, New Natura Brevium, London, 1755. John Fortescue, De Laudibus Legum Angliae, 2d edn., London, 1741. Michael Foster, A Report of Some Proceedings on the Commission of Oyer and Terminer and Goal Delivery for the Trial of the Rebels in the Year 1746 in the County of Surry, and of other Crown Cases. To Which are Added Discourses upon a few Branches of the Crown Law, Oxford, 1762. The Correspondence of General Thomas Gage with the Secretaries of State, 1763–1775, ed. Clarence E. Carter, New Haven 1931–1933; 2 vols. Robert Gardiner, Instructor Clericalis; or, Precedents in the Court of King's Bench and Common Pleas, for young clerks, London, 1697–1714; 6 parts. Frederick L. Gay, Transcripts Relating to the History of New England, 1630–1776, MHi. cxxxiv Horace Gray, Jr., Reports, Supreme Court, Massachusetts, 1854–1860, Boston, 1855–1871; 16 vols. Geoffrey Gilbert, Reports of Cases in Equity, Courts of Chancery and Exchequer, [1705–1726; with] Cases in Equity, Court of Exchequer, Ireland, London, 1734. Geoffrey Gilbert, History and Practice of the Court of Common Pleas, Dublin, 1737. Geoffrey Gilbert, Law of Evidence by a Late Learned Judge, London, 1756. William Gordon, The History of the Rise, Progress, and Establishment, of the Independence of the United States of America: including an Account of the late War; and of the Thirteen Colonies, from their origin to that period, London, 1788; 4 vols. Matthew Hale, Historia Placitorum Coronae: The History of the Pleas of the Crown, London, 1736; 2 vols. Matthew Hale, Pleas of the Crown: or, A Methodical Summary of the Principal Matters relating to that Subject, London, 1716. Cases temp. Hardwicke. Cases argued in Court of King's Bench, 7–10K. George II in the time of Lord Hardwicke, and Lord Lee, also two in Equity, determined by Lord Chancellor Hardwicke, Dublin, 1769. Lawrence A. Harper, The English Navigation Laws, N.Y., 1939. Harvard Law Review. William Hawkins, A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown, 4th edn., London, 1762; 2 vols. Thomas Hetley, Reports and Cases 3–7 Charles I, as they were argued by most of the Kings Serjeants at the Common Pleas Barre, London, 1657. cxxxv H. Hobart, Reports in the reign of James I with some few cases in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, London, 1641. William Holdsworth, A History of English Law, Boston and London, 1922–1952; 13 vols. John Holt, Report of Cases determined by Holt, 1688–1710, London, 1738. Elizabeth E. Hoon, The Organization of the English Customs System, 1696–1786, N.Y., 1938. Charles M. Hough, ed., Reports of Cases in the Vice Admiralty of the Province of New York and in the Court of Admiralty of the State of New York, 1715–1788, New Haven, 1925. T. B. and T. J. Howell, Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and other crimes and misdemeanors from the earliest period to 1820, London, 1809–1826; 33 vols. Thomas Hutchinson, The History of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts-Bay, ed. Lawrence Shaw Mayo, Cambridge, Mass., 1936; 3 vols. Ipswich Historical Society, Publications. Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, Mass., 1961; 4 vols. The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: with a Life of the Author, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Boston, 1850–1856; 10 vols. Worthington C. Ford and others, eds., Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789, Washington, 1904–1937; 34 vols. David Jenkins, Eight Centuries of Reports; or, Eight hundred cases, Exchequer-Chamber or upon Writs of Error, London, 1734. cxxxvi The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian P. Boyd and others, Princeton, 1950– . William Johnson, Reports, Supreme Court of Judicature, New York, N.Y., 1807–1823; 20 vols. William Johnson, Reports, Court of Chancery, Albany, 1816–1824; 7 vols. E. Alfred Jones, The Loyalists of Massachusetts: Their Memorials, Petitions and Claims, London, 1930. T. Jones, Les Reports de divers Special Cases en le Common Bank et en le Court del Bank le Roy, London, 1695. William Jones, Les Reports de divers Special Cases cy bien in le Court de Banck le Roy, come le Common–Banck, Angleterre, London, 1675. J. Keble, Reports, King's Bench, at Westminster, London, 1685; 3 vols. Robert Keilwey, Reports d'Ascuns Cases ... aux temps du Roy Henry le Septieme et du Roy Henry le Huitiesme ... seliges hors des papieres de Keilwey, par Jean Croke, London, 1688. John Kelyng, Report of divers Cases in Pleas of the Crown, with Directions for Justices of the Peace, 2d edn., London, 1739. James Kent, Commentaries on American Law, N.Y., 1826–1830; 4 vols. Frederic Kidder, History of the Boston Massacre, Albany, 1870. Ephraim Kirby, Reports, Superior Court, Connecticut, Litchfield, Conn., 1789. cxxxvii Bernhard Knollenberg, Origin of the American Revolution: 1759–1766, N.Y., 1960. Lawyers Reports Annotated, Rochester, N.Y., 1905–1918; 77 vols. John Latch, Plusieurs tres bans Cases, come ils estoyent adjudgees es trois premiers ans du raign du feu Roy Charles le Premier, Bank le Roy, London, 1622. General Lawes and Libertyes Concerning the Inhabitants of the Massachusets, Cambridge, Mass., 1648. Robert, Lord Raymond, Reports, King's Bench and Common Pleas, 3d edn., London, 1775; 3 vols. William Leonard, Reports and Cases of Law in the Courts at Westminster, London, 1658. Creswell Levinz, Reports of Cases in the Court of King's Bench and Common Pleas, during the time of Sir R. Foster, Sir R. Hyde and Sir J. Kelyng were Chief Justices: also cases in other Courts during that time, London, 1702. Capel Lofft, Reports, King's Bench, with Select Cases, Court of Chancery and of Common Pleas, Dublin, 1790. Law Quarterly Review. E. Lutwyche, Un Livre des Entries; contenant auxi un Report des Resolutions del Court sur diverse Exceptions prises as Pleadings et surauters matters en ley, surdant (pur la plupart) en le Court de Common Banh, London, 1704; 2 vols. The Diaries of Benjamin Lynde and of Benjamin Lynde, Jr.; with an Appendix, Boston and Cambridge, Mass., 1880. William Moody and Benjamin H. Malkin, Reports of Cases, De-cxxxviiitermined at Nisi Prius, in the Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas, London, 1831. John F. Macqueen, Reports of Scotch Appeals and Writs of Error ... in the House of Lords, Edinburgh, 1855–1866; 4 vols. Maine Historical Society, Collections. J. Mallory, Modern Entries in English; being a select collection of Pleadings in the Courts of King's Bench, Common Pleas and Exchequer, and also all kinds of Writs, with readings and observations on the cases in the Reports, London, 1734–1735; 2, vols. Massachusetts Reports, Exeter and Boston, 1804– . Acts and Laws of the Commonwealth, Boston, 1780–1788. (Individual session-law volumes, cited by year.) Massachusetts General Laws, Tercentenary Edition, Boston, 1932;3 vols. Journals of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts, Boston, reprinted by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1919– . (For the years for which reprints are not yet available, the original printings are cited, by year and session.) Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Boston, 1789–1838. (Individual session-law volumes, cited by year.) C. B. Mayo, ed., “Additions to Hutchinson's History,” 59 Amer. Antiq. Soc., Procs. 11–74 (1950). Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections and Proceedings. Michigan Law Review. John C. Miller, Origins of the American Revolution, Stanford and London, 1943, 1959. cxxxix Modern Reports; or, Select Cases adjudged in the Courts of K.B., Chancery, C.P. and Exchequer, London, 1682–1738; 12 parts. Francis Moore, Cases collect et report per Sir Fra. Moore, 2d edn., London, 1688. Mississippi Valley Historical Review. Northeastern Reporter, St. Paul, 1885– . New England Historical and Genealogical Register. New England Quarterly. William Noy, Reports of Cases in the time of Queen Elizabeth and King Charles, London, 1656. The Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford, 1933; 12 vols. and supplement. Peter Oliver, The Origin and Progress of the American Rebellion, ed. Douglass Adair and John A. Schutz, San Marino, 1963. Oregon Law Review. Pennsylvania Statutes, Harrisburg, 1872– . Alonzo Paige, Reports, Court of Chancery, N.Y., 1887; n vols. J. Craigie, J. Stewart, and T. Paton, Reports of Cases Decided in the House of Lords, upon Appeal from Scotland, Edinburgh, 1849–1856;6 vols. William S. Pattee, A History of Old Braintree and Quincy, with a Sketch of Randolph and Holbrook, Quincy, 1878. See Peere Williams. cxl W. Peere Williams, Reports of Cases, Court of Chancery, and of some special cases, King's Bench, London, 1740–1749; 3 vols. Benoni Perham, American Precedents of Declarations, Boston, 1802. Octavius Pickering, Pickering's Reports (Massachusetts Reports, 1822–1839), Boston, 1853–1864; 24 vols. T. F. T. Plucknett, Concise History of the Common Law, 5th edn., London, 1956. Frederick Pollock and Frederic Maitland, The History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I, Cambridge, 1895; 2 vols. Josiah Quincy, Memoir of Josiah Quincy, Junior, of Massachusetts: 1744–1775, ed. Eliza Susan Quincy, 2d edn., Boston, 1874. Josiah Quincy Jr., Reports of Cases Argued and Adjudged in the Superior Court of Judicature of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, between 1761 and 1772, ed. Samuel M. Quincy, Boston, 1865. Appendixes to Quincy, Reports. H. Rolle, Abridgment des plusieurs Cases et Resolutions del Common Ley, London, 1668. Letters and Diary of John Rowe, Boston Merchant, 1759–1762, 1764–1779, ed. Anne Rowe Cunningham, Boston, 1903. Lorenzo Sabine, Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution, with an Historical Essay, Boston, 1864; 2 vols. William Salkeld, Reports of Cases in the Court of King's Bench, with some special cases in the Courts of Chancery, Common Pleas and Exchequer, alphabetically digested under proper heads, from the 1st of William and Mary to the 10th of Anne, London, 1721–1724; 3 parts. cxli E. Saunders, Les Reports des Divers Pleadings et Cases en le Court del Bank le Roy en le temp del Reign de le Roy Charles II, London, 1686–1687; 2 vols. J. Savile, Les Reports de divers Special Cases cybien en le Court de Common Bank come l'Exchequer, London, 1688. S. P. Scott, transl., The Civil Law, Cincinnati, 1932; 17 vols. Benjamin J. Shipman, Hand-book of Common-law Pleading, 3d edn., Ballantine, 1923. John Langdon Sibley and Clifford K. Shipton, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge and Boston, 1873–. T. Siderfin, Les Reports des divers Special Cases, Bank le Roy, Co. Ba., & L'Exchequer, London, 1683–1684; 2 vols. Robert Skinner, Reports of Cases adjudged in the King's Bench; with some arguments in special cases, London, 1728. Joseph H. Smith, Appeals to the Privy Council from the American Plantations, N.Y., 1950. United States Statutes at Large, Boston and Washington, 1850– . A Collection of State-Trials, and Proceedings, upon High Treason, and other Crimes and Misdemeanours, from The Reign of Queen Anne, to the Present Time, London, 1766; 10 vols. James H. Stark, The Loyalists of Massachusetts and the Other Side of the American Revolution, Boston, 1910. J. Fitzjames Stephen, History of the Criminal Law of England, London, 1883; 3 vols. cxlii Henry John Stephen, A Treatise on the Principles of Pleading in Civil Actions, London, 1824. The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles, D.D., LL.D., President of Yale College, ed. Franklin Bowditch Dexter, N.Y., 1901; 3 vols. John Strange, Reports of Cases in the courts of Chancery, King's Bench, Common Pleas and Exchequer, London, 1755; 2 vols. W. Style, Narrationes Moderns, or, Modern Reports, Upper Bench Court at Westminster, as well on the Criminall as on the Pleas Side, London, 1658. Ralph Sutton, Personal Actions at Common Law, London, 1929. W. Harold Maxwell and Leslie F. Maxwell, comps., A Legal Bibliography of the British Commonwealth of Nations: Vol. 1; English Law to 1800, 2d edn., London, 1955; C. R. Brown, P. A. Maxwell and L. F. 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