Diary of John Quincy Adams, volume 1

Guide to Editorial Apparatus Guide to Editorial Apparatus

Guide to Editorial Apparatus

Textual Devices

The following devices will be used throughout The Adams Papers to clarify the presentation of the text.

[...], [....]	One or two words missing and not conjecturable.
[...]1, [....]1	More than two words missing and not conjecturable; subjoined footnote estimates amount of missing matter.
[ ]	Number or part of a number missing or illegible. Amount of blank space inside brackets approximates the number of missing or illegible digits.
[roman]	Editorial insertion or conjectural reading for missing or illegible matter. A question mark is inserted before the closing bracket if the conjectural reading is seriously doubtful.
<italic>	Matter canceled in the manuscript but restored in our text.

Adams Family Code Names

In dealing with an assemblage of papers extending over several generations and written by so many members of a family who often bore the same or similar names, the editors have been obliged to devise short but unmistakable forms for the names of the persons principally concerned. They could not be forever adding dates and epithets to distinguish between the two or more Abigails, Charles Francises, Johns, John Quincys, and Louisa Catherines in the family. The following table lists the short forms that will be used in the annotation throughout The Adams Papers , together with their full equivalents and identifying dates. It includes the principal writing members of the “Presidential line” of the Adamses and certain others in that line (and their husbands and wives) who either appear frequently in the family story or have been important in the history of the family papers. Users should bear in mind that this table is highly selective, and in no sense is a complete genealogical table for each generation.

	First Generation
JA	John Adams (1735–1826)
AA	Abigail Smith (1744–1818), m. JA 1764
	Second Generation
AA2	Abigail Adams (1765–1813), daughter of JA and AA, m. WSS 1786
WSS	William Stephens Smith (1755–1816), brother of Mrs. CA
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JQA	John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), son of JA and AA
LCA	Louisa Catherine Johnson (1775–1852), m. JQA 1797
CA	Charles Adams (1770–1800), son of JA and AA
Mrs. CA	Sarah Smith (1769–1828), sister of WSS, m. CA 1795
TBA	Thomas Boylston Adams (1772–1832), son of JA and AA
Mrs. TBA	Ann Harrod (1774–1846), m. TBA 1805
	Third Generation
GWA	George Washington Adams (1801–1829), son of JQA and LCA
JA2	John Adams (1803–1834), son of JQA and LCA
Mrs. JA2	Mary Catherine Hellen (1807–1870), m. JA2 1828
CFA	Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886), son of JQA and LCA
ABA	Abigail Brown Brooks (1808–1889), m. CFA 1829
ECA	Elizabeth Coombs Adams (1808–1903), daughter of TBA and Mrs. TBA
	Fourth Generation
LCA2	Louisa Catherine Adams (1831–1870), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Charles Kuhn 1854
JQA2	John Quincy Adams (1833–1894), son of CFA and ABA
CFA2	Charles Francis Adams (1835–1915), son of CFA and ABA
HA	Henry Adams (1838–1918), son of CFA and ABA
MHA	Marian Hooper (1842–1885), m. HA 1872
MA	Mary Adams (1845–1928), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Henry Parker Quincy 1877
BA	Brooks Adams (1848–1927), son of CFA and ABA
	Fifth Generation
CFA3	Charles Francis Adams (1866–1954), son of JQA2
HA2	Henry Adams (1875–1951), son of CFA2
JA3	John Adams (1875–1964), son of CFA2

Descriptive Symbols

The following symbols will be employed throughout The Adams Papers to describe or identify in brief form the various kinds of manuscript originals.

D	Diary (Used only to designate a diary written by a member of the Adams family and always in combination with the short form of the writer's name and a serial number, as follows: D/JA/23, i.e. the twenty-third fascicle or volume of John Adams' manuscript Diary.)
Dft	draft
Dupl	duplicate
FC	file copy (Ordinarily a copy of a letter retained by a correspondent other than an Adams, for example Jefferson's press copies and polygraph copies, since all three of the Adams statesmen systematically entered copies of their outgoing letters in letterbooks.)
Lb	Letterbook (Used only to designate Adams letterbooks and al-lvways in combination with the short form of the writer's name and a serial number, as follows: Lb/JQA/29, i.e. the twenty-ninth volume of John Quincy Adams' Letterbooks.)
LbC	letterbook copy (Letterbook copies are normally unsigned, but any such copy is assumed to be in the hand of the person responsible for the text unless it is otherwise described.)
M	Miscellany (Used only to designate materials in the section of the Adams Papers known as the “Miscellany” and always in combination with the short form of the writer's name and a serial number, as follows: M/CFA/32, i.e. the thirty-second volume of the Charles Francis Adams Miscellany—a ledger volume mainly containing transcripts made by CFA in 1833 of selections from the family papers.)
MS, MSS	manuscript, manuscripts
RC	recipient's copy (A recipient's copy is assumed to be in the hand of the signer unless it is otherwise described.)
Tr	transcript (A copy, handwritten or typewritten, made substantially later than the original or than other copies—such as duplicates, file copies, letterbook copies—that were made contemporaneously.)
Tripl	triplicate

Location Symbols

The originals of most of the letters and other manuscript documents printed, quoted, and cited in this edition are in the Adams Papers in the Massachusetts Historical Society. But the originals of the Adamses' outgoing letters and dispatches, and of many other papers by them, are preserved in numerous public and private archives and collections in this country and elsewhere. Locations of privately owned documents are given in expanded or at least completely recognizable form. Locations of documents held by public institutions abroad are indicated by abbreviations generally familiar to scholars; in the United States by the short, logical, and unmistakable institutional symbols used in the National Union Catalog in the Library of Congress, of which a published listing is available and which do not vary significantly from the library location symbols in the familiar Union List of Serials.

The following list gives the symbols and their expanded equivalents for institutions owning originals drawn upon in the present volumes. A similar listing, appropriate to the volumes concerned, will appear in the Guide to Editorial Apparatus prefixed to succeeding volumes of the Diary of John Quincy Adams.

DLC	Library of Congress
MB	Boston Public Library
MBAt	Boston Athenæum
MH-Ar	Harvard University Archives
MHi	Massachusetts Historical Society
lvi
MQA	Adams National Historic Site, Quincy, Massachusetts
MWA	American Antiquarian Society
NN	New York Public Library
NNMus	Museum of the City of New York

Other Abbreviations and Conventional Terms

Adams Papers Manuscripts and other materials, 1639–1889, in the Adams Manuscript Trust collection given to the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1956 and enlarged by a few additions of family papers since then. Citations in the present edition are simply by date of the original document if the original is in the main chronological series of the Papers and therefore readily found in the microfilm edition of the Adams Papers (see below). The location of materials in the Letterbooks and the Miscellany is given more fully, and often, if the original would be hard to locate, by the microfilm reel number. Adams Papers, Adams Office Files The portion of the Adams manuscripts given to the Massachusetts Historical Society by Thomas Boylston Adams in 1973 and retained in the editorial office of the Adams Papers. Adams Papers Editorial Files Other materials in the Adams Papers editorial office, Massachusetts Historical Society. These include photoduplicated documents (normally cited by the location of the originals), photographs, correspondence, and bibliographical and other aids compiled and accumulated by the editorial staff. Adams Papers, Fourth Generation Adams manuscripts dating 1890 or later originally part of the Trust collection together with Adams manuscripts acquired from other sources, administered by the Massachusetts Historical Society on the same footing with its other manuscript collections. Adams Papers, Microfilms The corpus of the Adams Papers, 1639–1889, as published on microfilm by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1954–1959, in 608 reels. Cited in the present work, when necessary, by reel number. Available in research libraries throughout the United States and in a few libraries in Europe and Canada. The Adams Papers The present edition in letterpress, published by The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. References between volumes of any given unit will take this form: vol. 3:171. Since there will be no overall volume numbering for the edition, references from one series, or unit of a series, to another will be by title, volume, and page; for example, JQA, Papers, 4:205. (For the same reason, references by scholars citing this edition should not be to The Adams Papers as a whole but to the particular series lviior subseries concerned; for example, John Adams, Diary and Autobiography, 3:145; Adams Family Correspondence, 6:167.) Dana, Journal Francis Dana, Journal, 1779–1780, 1781, in Dana Family Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society. Thwing Catalogue, MHi Annie Haven Thwing, comp., Inhabitants and Estates of the Town of Boston, 1630–1800; typed card catalogue, with supplementary bound typescripts, in the Massachusetts Historical Society.

Short Titles of Works Frequently Cited

AA, Letters, ed. CFA, 1848 Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams. With an Introductory Memoir by Her Grandson, Charles Francis Adams, 4th edn., Boston, 1848. AA2, Jour, and Corr.

Journal and Correspondence of Miss Adams, Daughter of John Adams,... edited by Her Daughter [Caroline Amelia (Smith) de Windt], New York and London, 1841–[1849]; 3 vols.

Note: Vol. [1], unnumbered, has title and date: Journal and Correspondence of Miss Adams, 1841; vol. 2 has title, volume number, and date: Correspondence of Miss Adams ... Vol. II, 1842; vol. [3] has title, volume number, and date: Correspondence of Miss Adams ..., Vol. II, 1842[!], i.e. same as vol. 2, but preface is signed “April 3d, 1849”[!], and the volume contains as “Part II” a complete reprinting from same type, and with same pagination, of vol. 2 (i.e. “Vol. II”), above, originally issued in 1842.

Adams Family Correspondence Adams Family Correspondence, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, 1963– . Almanach royal, 1778 [and later years] Almanach royal, année M.DCC.LXXVIII [&c.]. Présenté à sa majesté pour la première fois en 1699, Paris, no date. Amer. Philos. Soc., Procs. American Philosophical Society, Proceedings. Annales dramatiques Annales dramatiques; ou, dictionnaire général des théâtres, Paris, 1808–1812; 9 vols. Bell, Bench and Bar of N.H. Charles H. Bell, Bench and Bar of New Hampshire, Boston, 1894. Bemis, JQA Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams, New York, 1949–1956; 2 vols. [vol. 1:] John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy; [vol. 2:] John Quincy Adams and the Union. Bénézit, Dict.... des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs E[mmanuel] Bénézit, Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays par un groupe d'écrivains spécialistes français et étrangers, new edn., [Paris], 1960; 8 vols. lviii Bentley, Diary The Diary of William Bentley, D.D., Pastor of the East Church, Salem, Massachusetts, Salem, 1905–1914; 4 vols. Biog. Dir. Cong. Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774–1949, Washington, 1950. Biographia Dramatica David Erskine Baker and others, eds., Biographia Dramatica; Or, A Companion to the Play House ..., London, 1764–1812; 3 vols, in 4. Book of Abigail and John The Book of Abigail and John Selected Letters of the Adams Family, 1762–1784, ed. L. H. Butterfield, Marc Friedlaender, and Mary-Jo Kline, Cambridge, 1975. Boston Directory, [year] Boston Directory, issued annually with varying imprints. Boston Record Commissioners, Reports City of Boston, Record Commissioners, Reports, Boston, 1876–1909; 39 vols. Brenner, Bibliographical List Clarence Dietz Brenner, A Bibliographical List of Plays in the French Language, 1700–1789, Berkeley, 1947. Cal. Franklin Papers, A.P.S. I. Minis Hays, comp., Calendar of the Papers of Benjamin Franklin in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1908; 5 vols. Catalogue of JA's Library Catalogue of the John Adams Library in the Public Library of the City of Boston, Boston, 1917. Catalogue of JQA's Books Worthington C. Ford, ed., A Catalogue of the Books of John Quincy Adams Deposited in the Boston Athenæum. With Notes on Books, Adams Seals and Book-Plates, by Henry Adams, Boston, 1938. CFA, Diary Diary of Charles Francis Adams, Cambridge, 1964– . Vols. 1–2, ed. Aïda DiPace Donald and David Donald; vols. 3–6, ed. Marc Friedlaender and L. H. Butterfield. Chase, Hist. of Haverhill George Wingate Chase, The History of Haverhill, Massachusetts, from Its First Settlement, in 1640, to the Year 1860, Haverhill, 1861. Cioranescu, Bibliographie du dix-huitième siècle Alexandre Cioranescu, Bibliographie de la littérature française du dix-huitième siècle, Paris, 1969. Cioranescu, Bibliographie du dix-septième siècle Alexandre Cioranescu, Bibliographie de la littérature française du dix-septième siècle, Paris, 1965. Col. Soc. Mass., Pubns. Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Publications. Currier, Newburyport John J. Currier, History of Newburyport, Massachusetts, 1764–1905, Newburyport, 1906–1909; 2 vols. lix DAB Allen Johnson and Dumas Malone, eds., Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1928–1936; 20 vols. plus index and supplements. Descendants of Edmund Quincy, comp. Holly Descendants of Edmund Quincy, 1602–1637, Who Settled in What is Now Quincy, Massachusetts in 1635, comp. H. Hobart Holly, Quincy, 1977. Dexter, Yale Graduates Franklin Bowditch Dexter, Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale College, with Annals of the College History, New York, 1885–1912; 6 vols. Dict. de la noblesse François Alexandre Aubert de La Chesnaye-Desbois and——Badier, Dictionnaire de la noblesse, 3d edn., Paris, 1863–1876; 19 vols. DNB Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, eds., The Dictionary of National Biography, New York and London, 1885–1900; 63 vols. plus supplements. Essex Inst., Hist. Colls. Essex Institute Historical Collections. Fleet's Pocket Almanack and Massachusetts Register [year] A Pocket Almanack ... Calculated Chiefly for the Use of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts ... To Which is Annexed, The Massachusetts Register [title varies], Boston: T. and J. Fleet, 1779–1800; 22 vols. Franklin, Papers The Papers of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Leonard W. Labaree, William B. Willcox (from vol. 15), and others, New Haven, 1959– . Franklin, Writings, ed. Smyth The Writings of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Albert Henry Smyth, New York and London, 1905–1907; 10 vols. Freeman, Hist. of Cape Cod Frederick Freeman, The History of Cape Cod: The Annals of Barnstable County, Including The District of Mashpee [second vol. subtitled: The Annals of the Thirteen Towns of Barnstable County,] Boston, 1860–1862; 2 vols. Gottschalk, Lafayette Louis Gottschalk, Lafayette, Chicago, 1935–1950; 4 vols. [vol. 1:] Lafayette Comes to America; [vol. 2:] Lafayette Joins the American Army; [vol. 3:] Lafayette and the Close of the American Revolution; [vol. 4:] Lafayette between the American and the French Revolution (1783–1789). Guthrie, Geographical Grammar William Guthrie, A New Geographical, Historical, and Commercial Grammar; And Present State of the Several Kingdoms of the World..., London, 1779. Harrington, Hist. of Harvard Medical School Thomas Francis Harrington, The Harvard Medical School: A History, Narrative and Documentary, 1782–1905, ed. James Gregory Mumford, New York, 1905; 3 vols. Harvard, Catalogus Bibliothecae, 1790 [Isaac Smith, comp.], Catalogus Bibliothecae Harvardianae Cantabrigiae Nov-Anglorum, Boston, 1790. Harvard Quinquennial Cat. Harvard University, Quinquennial Catalogue of the Officers and Graduates, 1636–1930, Cambridge, 1930. lx Haverhill, Vital Records Vital Records of Haverhill, Massachusetts to the End of the Year 1849, Topsfield, 1910–1911; 2 vols. Heitman, Register Continental Army Francis B. Heitman, comp., Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution, new edn., Washington, 1914. Hist. of Suffolk County, Mass. Professional and Industrial History of Suffolk County, Massachusetts, Boston, 1894; 3 vols. Histoire généalogique ... de la maison royale de France Anselme de Sainte Marie and——Du Fourny, Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la couronne et de la maison du roy, et des anciens barons du royaume ..., Paris, 1868–1890; 2 vols. Hoefer, Nouv. biog. générale J. C. F. Hoefer, ed., Nouvelle biographie générale depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu' à nos jours, Paris, 1852–1866; 46 vols. Hogan, ed., London Stage, 1660–1800 Charles Beecher Hogan, ed., The London Stage, 1660–1800, Carbondale, Ill., 1968. Horace, Satires, Epistles and Ars Poetica, transl. Fairclough Horace: Satires, Epistles and Ars Poetica with an English Translation, by H. Rushton Fairclough, Cambridge, 1947. JA, Corr. in the Boston Patriot Correspondence of the Late President Adams. Originally Published in the Boston Patriot. In a Series of Letters, Boston, 1809[–1810]; 10 pts. JA, Diary and Autobiography Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, 1961; 4 vols. JA, Earliest Diary The Earliest Diary of John Adams, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, 1966. JA, Legal Papers Legal Papers of John Adams, ed. L. Kinvin Wroth and Hiller B. Zobel, Cambridge, 1965; 3 vols. JA, Works The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: with a Life of the Author, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Boston, 1850–1856; 10 vols. JCC Worthington C. Ford and others, eds., Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789, Washington, 1904–1937; 34 vols. Jefferson, Papers The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian P. Boyd and others, Princeton, 1950– . “Journal of Elizabeth Cranch” “The Journal of Elizabeth Cranch,” ed. Lizzie Norton Mason and James Duncan Phillips, Essex Institute, Historical Collections, 80:1–36 (Jan. 1944). JQA, Memoirs Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, Comprising Portions of His Diary from 1795 to 1848, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Philadelphia, 1874–1877; 12 vols. lxi JQA, Writings The Writings of John Quincy Adams, ed. Worthington C. Ford, New York, 1913–1917; 7 vols. Larousse, Grand dictionnaire universel Pierre Larousse, Grand dictionnaire universel du XlXe siècle ..., Paris, [1865]; 15 vols, and supplements. Lasseray, Les français sous les treize étoiles André Lasseray, Les français sous les treize étoiles (1775–1783), Macon and Paris, 1935; 2 vols. Littré, Dict. de la langue française Emile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française..., Paris, 1881–1884; 4 vols. and supplement. Lyonnet, Dict. des comédiens français Henry Lyonnet, Dictionnaire des comédiens français (ceux d'hier) biographie, bibliographie, iconographie ..., Paris, 1908–[1911?]; 2 vols. Mass. Register, [year] The Massachusetts Register and United States Calendar, Boston, 1801–1847; 47 vols. MHS, Colls., Procs. Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections and Proceedings. Michaud, Biog. universelle Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne, Paris: Michaud Frères, 1811–1862; 85 vols. Morison, Three Centuries of Harvard Samuel Eliot Morison, Three Centuries of Harvard, 1636–1936, Cambridge, 1936. NEHGR New England Historical and Genealogical Register. Nieuw Ned. Biog. Woordenboek P. C. Molhuysen and others, eds., Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek, Leyden, 1911–1937; 10 vols. N.Y. Geneal. and Biog. Rec. The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record. OED The Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford, 1933; 12 vols, and supplement. Paige, Hist. of Cambridge, Mass. Lucius R. Paige, History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1630–1877. With a Genealogical Register, Boston and New York, 1877. Supplement and Index..., by Mary I. Gozzaldi, Cambridge, 1930. Pattee, Old Braintree and Quincy William S. Pattee, A History of Old Braintree and Quincy, with a Sketch of Randolph and Holbrook, Quincy, 1878. Pope, Works, Balfour edn. The Works of Alexander Pope, Esq., Edinburgh, 1764; 6 vols. PMHB Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. lxii Repertorium der diplomatischen Vertreter aller Länder Repertorium der diplomatischen Vertreter aller Länder seit dem Westfälischen Frieden (1648), ed. Ludwig Bittner and others, Oldenburg, &c., 1936–1965; 3 vols. Sibley-Shipton, Harvard Graduates John Langdon Sibley and Clifford K. Shipton, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge and Boston, 1873– . Spectator, ed. Bond The Spectator, ed. Donald F. Bond, Oxford, 1965; 5 vols. Sprague, Annals Amer. Pulpit William B. Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit; or Commemorative Notices of Distinguished American Clergymen of Various Denominations, New York, 1857–1869; 9 vols. Storch, Picture of Petersburg Henry Storch, Picture of Petersburg, English transl., London, 1801. Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon, Örebro and Stockholm, 1857–[1907]; 10 vols. Thieme and Becker, Lexikon Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker, Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler, von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, Leipzig, 1907–1950; 37 vols. Warren-Adams Letters Warren-Adams Letters: Being Chiefly a Correspondence among John Adams, Samuel Adams, and James Warren (Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, vols. 72–73), Boston, 1917–1925; 2 vols. Weis, Colonial Clergy of N.E. Frederick Lewis Weis, comp., The Colonial Clergy and the Colonial Churches of New England, Lancaster, Mass., 1936. Wharton, ed., Dipl. Corr. Amer. Rev. Francis Wharton, ed., The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States, Washington, 1889; 6 vols. Wheatley, London Past and Present Henry B. Wheatley, London Past and Present: Its History, Associations, and Traditions, London, 1891; 3 vols. Willis, Hist. of the Law, Courts, and Lawyers of Maine William Willis, A History of the Law, the Courts, and the Lawyers of Maine, from Its First Colonization to the Early Part of the Present Century, Portland, 1863. WMQ William and Mary Quarterly. lxiii