Diary of John Adams, volume 1

Guide to Editorial Apparatus Guide to Editorial Apparatus

Guide to Editorial Apparatus

Textual Devices

The following devices will be used throughout The Adams Papers to clarify the presentation of the text.

[...], [....]	One or two words missing and not conjecturable.
[...]1, [....]1	More than two words missing and not conjecturable; subjoined footnote estimates amount of missing matter.
[ ]	Number or part of a number missing or illegible. Amount of blank space inside brackets approximates the number of missing or illegible digits.
[roman]	Conjectural reading for missing or illegible matter. A question mark is inserted before the closing bracket if the conjectural reading is seriously doubtful.
<italic>	Matter canceled in the manuscript but restored in our text.
[italic]	Editorial insertion in the text.

Adams Family Code Names

In dealing with an assemblage of papers extending over several generations and written by so many members of a family who often bore the same or similar names, the editors have been obliged to devise short but unmistakable forms for the names of the persons principally concerned. They could not be forever adding dates and epithets to distinguish between the two or more Abigails, Charles Francises, Johns, John Quincys, and Louisa Catherines in the family. The following table lists the short forms that will be used in the annotation throughout The Adams Papers , together with their full equivalents and identifying dates. It includes the principal writing members of the “Presidential line” of the Adamses and certain others in that line (and their husbands and wives) who either appear frequently in the family story or have been important in the history of the family papers. Users should bear in mind that this table is highly selective, being a mere lxxxiepitome of the Adams Genealogy that is being prepared to accompany the Family Correspondence in Series II of the present edition.

	First Generation
JA	John Adams (1735–1826)
AA	Abigail Smith (1744–1818), m. JA 1764
	Second Generation
JQA	John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), son of JA and AA
LCA	Louisa Catherine Johnson (1775–1852), m. JQA 1797
CA	Charles Adams (1770–1800), son of JA and AA
Mrs. CA	Sarah Smith (1769–1828), sister of WSS, m. CA 1795
TBA	Thomas Boylston Adams (1772–1832), son of JA and AA
Mrs. TBA	Ann Harrod (1774–1846), m. TBA 1805
AA2 (Gen.)	Abigail Adams (1765–1813), daughter of JA and AA, m. WSS 1786
WSS	William Stephens Smith (1755–1816), brother of Mrs. CA
	Third Generation
GWA	George Washington Adams (1801–1829), son of JQA and LCA
JA2	John Adams (1803–1834), son of JQA and LCA
Mrs. JA2	Mary Catherine Hellen (1807–1870), m. JA2 son of JQA 1828
CFA	Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886), son of JQA and LCA
ABA	Abigail Brown Brooks (1808–1889), m. CFA 1829
ECA	Elizabeth Coombs Adams (1808–1903), daughter of TBA and Mrs. TBA
	Fourth Generation
JQA2	John Quincy Adams (1833–1894), son of CFA and ABA
CFA2	Charles Francis Adams (1835–1915), son of CFA and ABA
HA	Henry Adams (1838–1918), son of CFA and ABA
MHA	Marian Hooper (1842–1885), m. HA 1872
BA	Brooks Adams (1848–1927), son of CFA and ABA
LCA2	Louisa Catherine Adams (1831–1870), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Charles Kuhn 1854
MA	Mary Adams (1845–1928), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Henry Parker Quincy 1877
lxxxii
	Fifth Generation
CFA3	Charles Francis Adams (1866–1954), son of JQA2
HA2	Henry Adams (1875–1951), son of CFA2

Descriptive Symbols

The following symbols will be employed throughout The Adams Papers to describe or identify in brief form the various kinds of manuscript originals.

D	Diary (Used only to designate a diary written by a member of the Adams family and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: D/JA/23, i.e. the twenty-third fascicle or volume of John Adams’ manuscript Diary.)
Dft	draft
Dupl	duplicate
FC	file copy (Ordinarily a copy of a letter retained by a correspondent other than an Adams, for example Jefferson’s press copies and polygraph copies, since all three of the Adams statesmen systematically entered copies of their outgoing letters in letterbooks.)
Lb	Letterbook (Used only to designate Adams letterbooks and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: Lb/JQA/ 29, i.e. the twenty-ninth volume of John Quincy Adams’ Letterbooks.)
LbC	letterbook copy
M	Miscellany (Used only to designate materials in the section of the Adams Papers known as the “Miscellany” and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: M/CFA/32, i.e. the thirty-second volume of the Charles Francis Adams Miscellany—a ledger volume mainly containing transcripts made by CFA in 1833 of selections from the family papers.)
MS, MSS	manuscript, manuscripts
RC	recipient’s copy
Tr	transcript (A copy, handwritten or typewritten, made substantially later than the original or than other copies—such lxxxiiias duplicates, file copies, letterbook copies—that were made contemporaneously.)
Tripl	triplicate

Location Symbols

The originals of most of the manuscript documents to be printed, quoted, and cited in this edition are in the Adams Papers in the Massachusetts Historical Society. But the originals of the Adamses’ outgoing letters and dispatches and of many other papers by them, not to mention papers pertaining to them, are preserved in numerous public and private archives and collections in this country and elsewhere. Locations of documents privately owned and of documents in public institutions outside the United States are to be given in expanded form. Locations of documents held by public institutions in the United States are to be indicated by the short, logical, and unmistakable institutional symbols used in the National Union Catalog in the Library of Congress, of which a published listing is available and which do not vary significantly from the library location symbols in the familiar Union List of Serials. (For a brief explanation of how these symbols are formed, see the headnote to the list of Location Symbols in The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 1:xl.)

The following list gives the symbols and their expanded equivalents for institutions owning originals drawn upon in the four volumes of John Adams’ Diary and Autobiography. The listing will be appropriately revised in each series, or part of a series, of The Adams Papers as the several series and parts are published.

CSmH	Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery
CtHi	Connecticut Historical Society
CtY	Yale University Library
DLC	Library of Congress
DNA	The National Archives
DSI	Smithsonian Institution
DeHi	Historical Society of Delaware
M-Ar	Massachusetts Archives
MB	Boston Public Library
MBM	Boston Medical Library
MH	Harvard College Library
MHi	Massachusetts Historical Society
MQA	Adams National Historic Site, Quincy, Massachusetts
lxxxiv
MWA	American Antiquarian Society
MiU-C	William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan
NHi	New-York Historical Society
NHpR	Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, Hyde Park, New York
NN	New York Public Library
NNMC	Museum of the City of New York
NNP	Pierpont Morgan Library
NhD	Dartmouth College Library
NhHi	New Hampshire Historical Society
NjP	Princeton University Library
PHi	Historical Society of Pennsylvania
PPAmP	American Philosophical Society
ViHi	Virginia Historical Society
ViU	University of Virginia Library

Other Abbreviations and Conventional Terms

Adams Papers Manuscripts and other materials, 1639–1889, in the Adams Manuscript Trust collection given to the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1956 and enlarged by a few additions of family papers since then. Citations in the present edition are simply by date of the original document if the original is in the main chronological series of the Papers and therefore readily found in the microfilm edition of the Adams Papers (see below). The location of materials in the Letterbooks and the Miscellany is given more fully, and often, if the original would be hard to locate, by the microfilm reel number. Adams Papers Editorial Files Other materials in the Adams Papers editorial office, Massachusetts Historical Society. These include photoduplicated documents (normally cited by the location of the originals), photographs, correspondence, and bibliographical and other aids compiled and accumulated by the editorial staff. Adams Papers, Fourth Generation Adams manuscripts dating 1890 or later, now separated from the Trust collection and administered by the Massachusetts Historical Society on the same footing with its other manuscript collections. lxxxv Adams Papers, Microfilms The corpus of the Adams Papers, 1639–1889, as published on microfilm by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1954–1959, in 608 reels. Cited in the present work, when necessary, by reel number. Available in research libraries throughout the United States and in a few libraries in Europe. The Adams Papers The present edition in letterpress, published by The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. References between volumes of any given unit will take this form: vol. 3:171. Since there will be no over-all volume numbering for the edition, references from one series, or unit of a series, to another will be by title, volume, and page; for example, JQA, Papers, 4:205. Corr. pol. Correspondance politique, in the Archives du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères, Paris. PCC Papers of the Continental Congress. Originals in the National Archives; microfilm edition, completed in 1961, in 204 reels. Usually cited in the present work from the microfilms, but according to the original series and volume numbering devised in the State Department in the early 19th century; for example, PCC, No. 93, III, i.e. the third volume of series 93. Quincy, First Church, MS Records First Church of Quincy, Mass., MS Records, 1639–1854; transcript in possession of William C. Edwards, city historian. Quincy Town Records, 1791–1891 Quincy, Mass., MS Town Records, 1791–1891, 6 vols., in the archives of the City of Quincy; positive microfilm, 2 reels, in the Massachusetts Historical Society. RG Record Group. Used, with appropriate numbers, to designate the location of documents in the National Archives. Suffolk County Court House, Early Court Files, &c. Early Court Files and Miscellaneous Papers in the Office of the Clerk of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. lxxxvi Superior Court of Judicature, Minute Books, Records Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature, Minute Books and Records in the Office of the Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court, Suffolk County, Suffolk County Court House, Boston. Thwing Catalogue, MHi Annie Haven Thwing, comp., Inhabitants and Estates of the Town of Boston, 1630–1800; typed card catalogue, with supplementary bound typescripts, in Massachusetts Historical Society.

Short Titles of Works Frequently Cited

AA, Letters, ed. CFA, 1848 Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams. With an Introductory Memoir by Her Grandson, Charles Francis Adams, 4th edn., Boston, 1848. AA, New Letters New Letters of Abigail Adams, 1788–1801, ed. Stewart Mitchell, Boston, 1947. AA2, Jour. and Corr. Journal and Correspondence of Miss Adams, Daughter of John Adams, ... edited by Her Daughter [Caroline Amelia (Smith) de Windt], New York and London, 1841–1842; 2 vols. A. N. Adams, Geneal. Hist, of Henry Adams of Braintree Andrew N. Adams, A Genealogical History of Henry Adams, of Braintree, Mass., and His Descendants, Rutland, Vt., 1898. Samuel Adams, Writings The Writings of Samuel Adams, ed. Harry Alonzo Cushing, New York and London, 1904–1908; 4 vols. AHR American Historical Review. Almanach royal, 1778 [and later years] Almanach royal, année M.DCC.LXXVII [&c.]. Présenté à sa majèsté pour la première fois en 1699, Paris, no date. Annals of Congress The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States [1789–1824], Washington, 1834–1856; 42 vols. lxxxvii Appletons’ Cyclo. Amer. Biog. James Grant Wilson and John Fiske, eds., Appletons’ Cyclopaedia of American Biography, New York, 1887–1889; 6 vols. Austin, Gerry James T. Austin, The Life of Elbridge Gerry. With Contemporary Letters, Boston, 1828–1829; 2 vols. [Vol. 1:] To the Close of the American Revolution; [vol. 2:] From the Close of the American Revolution. Bartlett, Henry Adams of Somersetshire J. Gardner Bartlett, Henry Adams of Somersetshire, England, and Braintree, Mass.: His English Ancestry and Some of His Descendants, New York, 1927. Bemis, Diplomacy of the Amer. Revolution Samuel Flagg Bemis, The Diplomacy of the American Revolution: The Foundations of American Diplomacy, 1775–1823, New York and London, 1935. Bemis, JQA Samuel Flagg Bemis, John Quincy Adams, New York, 1949–1956; 2 vols. [Vol. 1:] John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy; [vol. 2:] John Quincy Adams and the Union. Biddle, Old Family Letters Old Family Letters: Copied from the Originals for Alexander Biddle, Series A, Philadelphia, 1892. Biog. Dir. Cong. Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774–1949, Washington, 1950. Blanck, Bibliog. Amer. Lit. Jacob Blanck, comp., Bibliography of American Literature ... Compiled for the Bibliographical Society of America, New Haven, 1955–. BM, Catalogue The British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books, 1881–1900, Ann Arbor, 1946; 58 vols. Supplement, 1900–1905, Ann Arbor, 1950; 10 vols. Boston Record Commissioners, Reports City of Boston, Record Commissioners, Reports, Boston, 1876–1909; 39 vols. Boston Streets, &c., 1910 City of Boston, Street Commissioners, A Record of the Streets, Alleys, Places, Etc., in the City of Boston, Boston, 1910. lxxxviii Bouvier, Law Dictionary John Bouvier, A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States, 14th edn., Philadelphia, 1871; 2 vols. Braintree Town Records Samuel A. Bates, ed., Records of the Town of Braintree, 1640 to 1793, Randolph, Mass., 1886. Burnett, Continental Congress Edmund C. Burnett, The Continental Congress, New York, 1941. Burnett, ed., Letters of Members Edmund C. Burnett, ed., Letters of Members of the Continental Congress, Washington, 1921–1936; 8 vols. Cal. Franklin Papers, A.P.S. I. Minis Hays, comp., Calendar of the Papers of Benjamin Franklin in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1908; 5 vols. Catalogue of JA’s Library Catalogue of the John Adams Library in the Public Library of the City of Boston, Boston, 1917. Catalogue of JQA’s Books Worthington C. Ford, ed., A Catalogue of the Books of John Quincy Adams Deposited in the Boston Athenaeum. With Notes on Books, Adams Seals and Book-Plates, by Henry Adams, Boston, 1938. CFA2, Three Episodes Charles Francis Adams, Three Episodes of Massachusetts History: The Settlement of Boston Bay; The Antinomian Controversy; A Study of Church and Town Government, Boston and New York, 1892; 2 vols. Col. Soc. Mass., Pubns. Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Publications. Commonwealth Hist. of Mass. Albert Bushnell Hart, ed., Commonwealth History of Massachusetts: Colony, Province and State, New York, 1927–1930; 5 vols. Currier, Newburyport John J. Currier, History of Newburyport, Massachusetts, 1764–1905, Newburyport, 1906–1909; 2 vols. Curwen, Journal and Letters, 4th edn., 1864 The Journal and Letters of Samuel Curwen, ... from 1775 to 1783; with an Appendix of Biographical Sketches, ed. George Atkinson Ward, 4th edn., Boston, 1864. lxxxix DAB Allen Johnson and Dumas Malone, eds., Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1928–1936; 20 vols. plus index and supplements. DAH James Truslow Adams and R. V. Coleman, eds., Dictionary of American History, New York, 1940; 5 vols. and index. Deane Papers Papers of Silas Deane, 1774–1790, in New-York Historical Society, Collections, Publication Fund Series, vols. 19–23, New York, 1887–1891; 5 vols. Dexter, Yale Graduates Franklin Bowditch Dexter, Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale College, with Annals of the College History, New York, 1885–1912; 6 vols. Dezallier, Environs de Paris, 1779 [Antoine Nicolas Dezallier d’Argenville,] Voyage pittoresque des environs de Paris, 4e. édn., Paris, 1779. Dict. de la noblesse François Alexandre Aubert de La Chesnaye-Desbois and —— Badier, Dictionnaire de la noblesse, Paris, 3d edn., 1863–1876; 19 vols. Dict. of Americanisms Mitford M. Mathews, ed., A Dictionary of Americanisms on Historical Principles, Chicago, 1951. Dipl. Corr., 1783–1789 [William A. Weaver, ed.,] The Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States of America, from ... 1783, to ... 1789, Washington, 1837 [actually 1855]; 3 vols. DNB Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, eds., The Dictionary of National Biography, New York and London, 1885–1900; 63 vols. plus supplements. Doniol, Histoire Henri Doniol, Histoire de la participation de la France à l' établissement des Etats-Unis d’Amérique: correspondance diplomatique et documents, Paris, 1886–1892; 5 vols. Eliot, Biog. Diet. of N.E. John Eliot, Biographical Dictionary, Containing a Brief Account of the First Settlers, and Other Eminent Characters ... in New-England, Salem and Boston, 1809. xc Evans Charles Evans, and others, comps., American Bibliography: A Chronological Dictionary of All Books, Pamphlets and Periodical Publications Printed in the United States of America [1639–1800], Chicago and Worcester, 1903–1959; 14 vols. Farrand, Records of the Federal Convention Max Farrand, ed., The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787, New Haven, 1911–1937; 4 vols. Forbes, Paul Revere Esther Forbes, Paul Revere and the World He Lived In, Boston, 1942. Force, Archives [Peter Force, ed.,] American Archives: Consisting of a Collection of Authentick Records, State Papers, Debates, and Letters and Other Notices of Publick Affairs, Washington, 1837–1853; 9 vols. Ford, ed., Statesman and Friend Worthington C. Ford, ed., Statesman and Friend: Correspondence of John Adams with Benjamin Waterhouse, 1784–1822, Boston, 1927. Franklin, Papers, ed. Labaree and Bell The Papers of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Leonard W. Labaree and Whitfield J. Bell Jr., New Haven, 1959–. Franklin, Writings, ed. Smyth The Writings of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Albert Henry Smyth, New York and London, 1905–1907; 10 vols. Freeman, Washington Douglas Southall Freeman, George Washington: A Biography, New York, 1948–1952; 6 vols. Vol. 7, by John Alexander Carroll and Mary Wells Ashworth, New York, 1957. Gage, Corr. The Correspondence of General Thomas Gage with the Secretaries of State, 1763–1775, ed. Clarence E. Carter, New Haven, 1931–1933; 2 vols. Gérard, Despatches and Instructions Despatches and Instructions of Conrad Alexandre Gérard, 1778–1780: Correspondence of the First French Minister to the United States with the Comte de Vergennes, ed. John J. Meng, Baltimore, 1939. Gottschalk, Lafayette Louis Gottschalk, Lafayette, Chicago, 1935–1950; 4 vols. [Vol. 1:] xci Lafayette Comes to America; [vol. 2:] Lafayette Joins the American Army; [vol. 3:] Lafayette and the Close of the American Revolution; [vol. 4:] Lafayette between the American and the French Revolution (1783–1789). La grande encyclopédie La grande encyclopédie: inventairé raisonné des sciences, des lettres et des arts, Paris [1886–1902]; 31 vols. HA, Gallatin Henry Adams, The Life of Albert Gallatin, Philadelphia, 1879. HA2, Birthplaces Henry Adams, The Birthplaces of Presidents John and John Quincy Adams in Quincy, Massachusetts, Quincy, 1936. Hamilton, Works, ed. Hamilton The Works of Alexander Hamilton, ed. John C. Hamilton, New York, 1850–1851; 7 vols. Haraszti, JA and the Prophets of Progress Zoltán Haraszti, John Adams and the Prophets of Progress, Cambridge, 1952. Harvard Quinquennial Cat. Harvard University, Quinquennial Catalogue of the Officers and Graduates, 1636–1930, Cambridge, 1930. Heitman, Register Continental Army Francis B. Heitman, comp., Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution, new edn., Washington, 1914. Hoefer, Nouv. biog. générale J. C. F. Hoefer, ed., Nouvelle biographie générale depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu’à nos jours, Paris, 1852–1866; 46 vols. Hutchinson, Diary and Letters The Diary and Letters of His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson, ed. Peter Orlando Hutchinson, Boston, 1884–1886; 2 vols. Hutchinson, Massachusetts Bay, ed. Mayo Thomas Hutchinson, The History of the Colony and Province of Massachusetts-Bay, ed. Lawrence Shaw Mayo, Cambridge, 1936; 3 vols. JA, Corr. in the Boston Patriot Correspondence of the Late President Adams. Originally Published in the Boston Patriot. In a Series of Letters, Boston, 1809[–1810]; 10 pts. xcii JA, Defence John Adams, A Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, London, 1787–1788; 3 vols. JA, Letters, ed. CFA Letters of John Adams, Addressed to His Wife, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Boston, 1841; 2 vols. JA, Works The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: with a Life of the Author, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Boston, 1850–1856; 10 vols. JA-AA, Familiar Letters Familiar Letters of John Adams and His Wife Abigail Adams, during the Revolution. With a Memoir of Mrs. Adams, ed. Charles Francis Adams, New York, 1876. Jay, Correspondence and Public Papers The Correspondence and Public Papers of John Jay, ed. Henry P. Johnston, New York and London, 1890–1893; 4 vols. JCC Worthington C. Ford and others, eds., Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789, Washington, 1904–1937; 34 vols. Jefferson, Papers, ed. Boyd The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian P. Boyd and others, Princeton, 1950–. Jefferson, Writings, ed. Ford The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Paul Leicester Ford, New York and London, 1892–1899; 10 vols. Jones, Loyalists of Mass. E. Alfred Jones, The Loyalists of Massachusetts: Their Memorials, Petitions and Claims, London, 1930. JQA, Life in a New England Town Life in a New England Town: 1787, 1788. Diary of John Quincy Adams, While a Student in the Office of Theophilus Parsons at Newburyport, Boston, 1903. JQA, Memoirs Memoirs of John Quincy Adams, Comprising Portions of His Diary from 1795 to 1848, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Philadelphia, 1874–1877; 12 vols. xciii JQA, Writings The Writings of John Quincy Adams, ed. Worthington C. Ford, New York, 1913–1917; 7 vols. Lasseray, Les français sous les treize étoiles André Lasseray, Les français sous les treize étoiles (1775–1783), Macon and Paris, 1935; 2 vols. LC, Catalog A Catalog of Books Represented by Library of Congress Printed Cards, Ann Arbor, 1942–1946; 167 vols. Supplement, Ann Arbor, 1948; 42 vols. R. H. Lee, Arthur Lee Richard Henry Lee, Life of Arthur Lee, Boston, 1829; 2 vols. R. H. Lee, Letters, ed. Ballagh The Letters of Richard Henry Lee, ed. James C. Ballagh, New York, 1911–1914; 2 vols. William Lee, Letters Letters of William Lee, ... 1766–1783, ed. Worthington C. Ford, Brooklyn, 1891; 3 vols. Lincoln, Worcester William Lincoln, History of Worcester, Massachusetts, from Its Earliest Settlement to September, 1836, Worcester, 1837; 2 vols. Maclay, Journal, 1890 Journal of William Maclay, United States Senator from Pennsylvania, 1789–1791, ed. Edgar S. Maclay, New York, 1890. Mass. Constitutional Convention, 1779–1780, Journal Journal of the Convention for Framing a Constitution of Government for the State of Massachusetts Bay, ... September 1, 1779 , ... to June 16, 1780, Boston, 1832. Mass., House Jour. Journals of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts [1715– ], Boston, reprinted by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1919– . (For the years for which reprints are not yet available, the original printings are cited, by year and session.) Mass., Province Laws The Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, Boston, 1869–1922; 21 vols. Mass. Provincial Congress, Jours. William Lincoln, ed., The Journals of Each Provincial Congress of xciv Massachusetts in 1774 and 1775, and of the Committee of Safety, Boston, 1838. Mass. Soldiers and Sailors Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War, Boston, 1896–1908; 17 vols. Mass., Speeches of the Governors, &c., 1765–1775 [Alden Bradford, ed.,] Speeches of the Governors of Massachusetts, from 1765 to 1775 ..., Boston, 1818. MHS, Colls., Procs. Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections and Proceedings. Michaud, Biog. universelle Biographie universelle, ancienne et moderne, Paris: Michaud Frères, 1811–1862; 85 vols. Miller, ed., Treaties Hunter Miller, ed., Treaties and Other International Acts of the United States of America, Washington, 1931–1948; 8 vols. MVHR Mississippi Valley Historical Review. NEHGR New England Historical and Genealogical Register. NEQ New England Quarterly. Nieuw Ned. Biog. Woordenboek P. C. Molhuysen and others, eds., Nieuw Nederlandsche Biografisch Woordenboek, Leyden, 1911–1937; 10 vols. OED The Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford, 1933; 12 vols. and supplement. Parliamentary Hist. The Parliamentary History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803, London: Hansard, 1806–1820; 36 vols. Pattee, Old Braintree and Quincy William S. Pattee, A History of Old Braintree and Quincy, with a Sketch of Randolph and Holbrook, Quincy, 1878. Paullin, Atlas Charles O. Paullin and John K. Wright, eds., Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States, Washington and New York, 1932. xcv Pickering and Upham, Pickering Octavius Pickering and Charles W. Upham, The Life of Timothy Pickering, Boston, 1867–1873; 4 vols. PMHB Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. Quincy, History of Harvard Univ. Josiah Quincy, The History of Harvard University, 2d. edn., Boston, 1860; 2 vols. Quincy, Reports Josiah Quincy Jr., Reports of Cases Argued and Adjudged in the Superior Court of Judicature of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, between 1761 and 1772, ed. Samuel M. Quincy, Boston, 1865. Josiah Quincy, Josiah Quincy, Jr. Josiah Quincy, Memoir of Josiah Quincy, Junior, of Massachusetts: 1744–1775, 2d edn., ed. Eliza Susan Quincy, Boston, 1874. Rowe, Letters and Diary Letters and Diary of John Rowe, Boston Merchant, 1759–1762, 1764–1779, ed. Anne Rowe Cunningham, Boston, 1903. Benjamin Rush, Autobiography The Autobiography of Benjamin Rush: His “Travels through Life,” Together with His Commonplace Book for 1789–1813, ed. George W. Corner, Princeton, 1948. Benjamin Rush, Letters Letters of Benjamin Rush, ed. L. H. Butterfield, Princeton, 1951; 2 vols. Sabin Joseph Sabin and others, comps., A Dictionary of Books Relating to America, from Its Discovery to the Present Time, New York, 1868–1936; 29 vols. Sabine, Loyalists Lorenzo Sabine, Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution, with an Historical Essay, Boston, 1864; 2 vols. Salisbury, Family-Memorials Edward E. Salisbury, Family-Memorials: A Series of Genealogical and Biographical Monographs, New Haven, 1885; 2 vols. and 1 portfolio. Scharf and Westcott, History of Philadelphia J. Thomas Scharf and Thompson Westcott, History of Philadelphia, 1609–1884, Philadelphia, 1884; 3 vols. xcvi Sheppard, Tucker John H. Sheppard, The Life of Samuel Tucker, Commodore in the American Revolution, Boston, 1868. Shurtleff, Description of Boston Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, A Topographical and Historical Description of Boston, 3d edn., Boston, 1890. Sibley-Shipton, Harvard Graduates John Langdon Sibley and Clifford K. Shipton, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge and Boston, 1873– . Sprague, Annals Amer. Pulpit William B. Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit; or Commemorative Notices of Distinguished American Clergymen of Various Denominations, New York, 1857–1869; 9 vols. Stark, Loyalists of Mass. James H. Stark, The Loyalists of Massachusetts and the Other Side of the American Revolution, Boston, 1910. Stevens, Facsimiles B. F. Stevens’s Facsimiles of Manuscripts in European Archives Relating to America, 1773–1783, London, 1889–1898; 25 vols. Stiles, Literary Diary The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles, D.D., LL.D., President of Yale College, ed. Franklin Bowditch Dexter, New York, 1901; 3 vols. Stillé, Dickinson Charles J. Stillé, The Life and Times of John Dickinson, 1732–1808, Philadelphia, 1891. Stokes, Iconography of Manhattan Island I. N. Phelps Stokes, The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498-1919, New York, 1915–1928; 6 vols. Thacher, Amer. Medical Biog. James Thacher, American Medical Biography: or Memoirs of Eminent Physicians Who Have Flourished in America, Boston, 1828; 2 vols. Thiéry, Almanach du voyageur à Paris Luc Vincent Thiéry, Almanach du voyageur à Paris ..., année 1784, Paris [1784]. Thomas, Columbia Univ. Officers and Alumni Milton Halsey Thomas, comp., Columbia University Officers and Alumni, 1754–1857, New York, 1936. xcvii Thorpe, Federal and State Constitutions Francis N. Thorpe, ed., The Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws of the States, Territories, and Colonies Now or Heretofore Forming the United States of America, Washington, 1909; 7 vols. Tudor, James Otis William Tudor, The Life of James Otis, of Massachusetts, Boston, 1823. VMHB Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. Walpole, Corr., ed. W. S. Lewis The Yale Edition of Horace Walpole’s Correspondence, ed. W. S. Lewis and others, New Haven, 1937– . Walpole, Letters, ed. Mrs. Toynbee The Letters of Horace Walpole, Fourth Earl of Orford, ed. Mrs. Paget Toynbee, Oxford, 1903–1905; 16 vols. Warren-Adams Letters Warren-Adams Letters: Being Chiefly a Correspondence among John Adams, Samuel Adams, and James Warren (Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, vols. 72–73), Boston, 1917–1925; 2 vols. Washington, Writings, ed. Fitzpatrick The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745–1799, ed. John C. Fitzpatrick, Washington, 1931–1944; 39 vols. Washington, Writings, ed. Sparks The Writings of George Washington, ... with a Life of the Author, ed. Jared Sparks, Boston, 1839–1840; 12 vols. Weis, Colonial Clergy of N.E. Frederick Lewis Weis, comp., The Colonial Clergy and the Colonial Churches of New England, Lancaster, Mass., 1936. Wells, Samuel Adams William V. Wells, The Life and Public Services of Samuel Adams, Boston, 1865; 3 vols. Wharton, ed., Dipl. Corr. Amer. Rev. 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