Papers of John Adams, volume 15

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From Francis Dana

xxxv Guide to Editorial Apparatus

Guide to Editorial Apparatus

The first three sections (1–3) of this guide list, respectively, the arbitrary devices used for clarifying the text, the code names for prominent members of the Adams family, and the symbols that are employed throughout The Adams Papers, in all its series and parts, for various kinds of manuscript sources. The final three sections (4–6) list, respectively, the symbols for institutions holding original materials, the various abbreviations and conventional terms, and the short titles of books and other works that occur in volume 15 of the Papers of John Adams.

1. TEXTUAL DEVICES

The following devices will be used throughout The Adams Papers to clarify the presentation of the text.

[. . .]	One word missing or illegible.
[. . . .]	Two words missing or illegible.
[. . . .]1	More than two words missing or illegible; subjoined footnote estimates amount of missing matter.
[ ]	Number or part of a number missing or illegible. Amount of blank space inside brackets approximates the number of missing or illegible digits.
[roman]	Conjectural reading for missing or illegible matter. A question mark is inserted before the closing bracket if the conjectural reading is seriously doubtful.
~~roman~~	Canceled matter.
[italic]	Editorial insertion.
{roman}	Text editorially decoded or deciphered.

2. ADAMS FAMILY CODE NAMES

First Generation

JA John Adams (1735–1826) AA Abigail Adams (1744–1818), m. JA 1764

Second Generation

AA2 Abigail Adams (1765–1813), daughter of JA and AA, m. WSS 1786 WSS William Stephens Smith (1755–1816), brother of SSA JQA John Quincy Adams (1767–1848), son of JA and AA LCA Louisa Catherine Johnson (1775–1852), m. JQA 1797 xxxvi CA Charles Adams (1770–1800), son of JA and AA SSA Sarah Smith (1769–1828), sister of WSS, m. CA 1795 TBA Thomas Boylston Adams (1772–1832), son of JA and AA AHA Ann Harrod (1774–1845), m. TBA 1805

Third Generation

GWA George Washington Adams (1801–1829), son of JQA and LCA JA2 John Adams (1803–1834), son of JQA and LCA MCHA Mary Catherine Hellen (1806–1870), m. JA2 1828 CFA Charles Francis Adams (1807–1886), son of JQA and LCA ABA Abigail Brown Brooks (1808–1889), m. CFA 1829 ECA Elizabeth Coombs Adams (1808–1903), daughter of TBA and AHA

Fourth Generation

LCA2 Louisa Catherine Adams (1831–1870), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Charles Kuhn 1854 JQA2 John Quincy Adams (1833–1894), son of CFA and ABA CFA2 Charles Francis Adams (1835–1915), son of CFA and ABA HA Henry Adams (1838–1918), son of CFA and ABA MHA Marian Hooper (1842–1885), m. HA 1872 MA Mary Adams (1845–1928), daughter of CFA and ABA, m. Henry Parker Quincy 1877 BA Brooks Adams (1848–1927), son of CFA and ABA

Fifth Generation

CFA3 Charles Francis Adams (1866–1954), son of JQA 2 HA2 Henry Adams (1875–1951), son of CFA 2 JA3 John Adams (1875–1964), son of CFA 2

3. DESCRIPTIVE SYMBOLS

The following symbols are employed throughout The Adams Papers to describe or identify the various kinds of manuscript originals.

D Diary (Used only to designate a diary written by a member of the Adams family and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: D/JA/23, i.e., the twenty-third fascicle or volume of John Adams’ manuscript Diary.) Dft draft Dupl duplicate FC file copy (A copy of a letter retained by a correspondent other than an Adams, no matter the form of the retained copy; a copy of a letter retained by an Adams other than a Letterbook or letterpress copy.) FC-Pr a letterpress copy retained by an Adams as the file copy IRC intended recipient’s copy (Generally the original version but received after a duplicate, triplicate, or other version of a letter.) Lb Letterbook (Used only to designate an Adams Letterbook and xxxviialways in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: Lb/JQA/29, i.e., the twenty-ninth volume of John Quincy Adams’ Letterbooks.) LbC Letterbook copy (Used only to designate an Adams Letterbook copy. Letterbook copies are normally unsigned, but any such copy is assumed to be in the hand of the person responsible for the text unless it is otherwise described.) LbC-Tr Letterbook copy-transcript (A transcript of an official letter or document copied into a volume of transcripts created for JA by Benjamin Franklin’s secretary Jean L’Air de Lamotte, APM Reel 103.) M Miscellany (Used only to designate materials in the section of the Adams Papers known as the “Miscellanies” and always in combination with the short form of the writer’s name and a serial number, as follows: M/CFA/31, i.e., the thirty-first volume of the Charles Francis Adams Miscellanies—a ledger volume mainly containing transcripts made by CFA in 1833 of selections from the family papers.) MS, MSS manuscript, manuscripts RC recipient’s copy (A recipient’s copy is assumed to be in the hand of the signer unless it is otherwise described.) Tr transcript (A copy, handwritten or typewritten, made substantially later than the original or later than other copies—such as duplicates, file copies, or Letterbook copies—that were made contemporaneously.) Tripl triplicate

4. LOCATION SYMBOLS

Ct Connecticut State Library CtY Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University DLC Library of Congress DNA National Archives and Records Administration ICHi Chicago Historical Society ICN Newberry Library IEN Northwestern University MB Boston Public Library MBCo Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard University MHi Massachusetts Historical Society MaSaPEM Peabody Essex Museum MiU-C William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan NjMoHP Morristown National Historical Park NjP Princeton University NHi New-York Historical Society NN New York Public Library NNC Columbia University NNMus Museum of the City of New York PHi Historical Society of Pennsylvania PPAmP American Philosophical Society PPL Library Company of Philadelphia xxxviii ScHi South Carolina Historical Society ScL (ScU) South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina

5. OTHER ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONAL TERMS

Adams Papers Manuscripts and other materials, 1639–1889, in the Adams Manuscript Trust collection given to the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1956 and enlarged by a few additions of family papers since then. Citations in the present edition are simply by date of the original document if the original is in the main chronological series of the Papers and therefore readily found in the microfilm edition of the Adams Papers (see below). The Adams Papers The present edition in letterpress, published by The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. References to earlier volumes of any given unit take this form: vol. 2:146. Since there is no overall volume numbering for the edition, references from one series, or unit of a series, to another are by writer, title, volume, and page, for example, JA, D&A , 4:205. Adams Papers Editorial Files Other materials in the Adams Papers editorial office, Massachusetts Historical Society. These include photocopied documents (normally cited by the location of the originals), photographs, correspondence, and bibliographical and other aids compiled and accumulated by the editorial staff. APM Formerly, Adams Papers, Microfilms. The corpus of the Adams Papers, 1639–1889, as published on microfilm by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1954–1959, in 608 reels. Cited in the present work, when necessary, by reel number. Available in research libraries throughout the United States and in a few libraries in Canada, Europe, and New Zealand. Arch. Aff. Étr., Paris, Corr. Pol., É.-U. Archives du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères, Paris, Correspondance Politique, États-Unis. AVPR, Moscow Arkhiv vneshnei politiki Rossii, Moscow. Nationaal Archief Nationaal Archief, The Hague. For details on the Dumas Papers microfilm edition, see JA, D&A , 3:9–10. PCC Papers of the Continental Congress. Originals in the National Archives: Record Group 360. Microfilm edition in 204 reels. Usually cited in the present work from the microfilms, but according to the original series and volume numbering devised in the State Department in the early xxxixnineteenth century; for example, PCC, No. 93, III, i.e., the third volume of series 93. PCC, Misc. Papers Miscellaneous Papers of the Continental Congress. Originals in the National Archives: Record Group 360. Microfilm edition in 9 reels. Cited in the present work from the microfilms by reel and folio number. PRO National Archives of the United Kingdom, London. Formerly Public Record Office.

6. SHORT TITLES OF WORKS FREQUENTLY CITED

Adams, Amer. Controversy Thomas R. Adams, The American Controversy: A Bibliographical Study of the British Pamphlets about the American Disputes, 1764–1783, Providence and New York, 1980; 2 vols. AFC Adams Family Correspondence, ed. L. H. Butterfield, Marc Friedlaender, Richard Alan Ryerson, Margaret A. Hogan, and others, Cambridge, 1963–. Amer. Philos. Soc., Memoirs, Procs., Trans. American Philosophical Society, Memoirs, Proceedings, and Transactions. ANB John A. Garraty, Mark C. Carnes, and Paul Betz, eds., American National Biography, New York, 1999–2002; 24 vols. plus supplement. Bemis, Diplomacy of the Amer. Revolution Samuel Flagg Bemis, The Diplomacy of the American Revolution: The Foundations of American Diplomacy, 1775–1823, New York and London, 1935. Biog. Dir. Cong. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–1989, Washington, 1989. Boston, [vol. no.] Report City of Boston, Record Commissioners, Reports, Boston, 1876–1909; 39 vols. Burnett, Letters of Members Letters of Members of the Continental Congress, ed. Edmund C. Burnett, Washington, 1921–1936; 8 vols. Cal. Franklin Papers, A.P.S. I. Minis Hays, ed., Calendar of the Papers of Benjamin Franklin in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1908; 5 vols. Cambridge Modern Hist. The Cambridge Modern History, Cambridge, Eng., 1902–1911; repr. New York, 1969; 13 vols. Cannon, Fox-North Coalition John Cannon, The Fox-North Coalition: Crisis of the Constitution, 1782–4, London, 1969. xl Catalogue of JA’s Library Catalogue of the John Adams Library in the Public Library of the City of Boston, Boston, 1917. Catalogue of JQA’s Books Henry Adams and Worthington Chauncey Ford, A Catalogue of the Books of John Quincy Adams Deposited in the Boston Athenæum with Notes on Books, Adams Seals and Book-Plates, Boston, 1938. Cresson, Francis Dana William P. Cresson, Francis Dana: A Puritan Diplomat at the Court of Catherine the Great, New York, 1930. DAB Allen Johnson, Dumas Malone, and others, eds., Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1928–1936; repr. New York, 1955–1980; 10 vols. plus index and supplements. Dexter, Yale Graduates Franklin Bowditch Dexter, Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale College with Annals of the College History, New York and New Haven, 1885–1912; 6 vols. Dict. Amer. Fighting Ships U.S. Navy Department, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, Naval History Division, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, Washington, 1959–1981; 8 vols. Dipl. Corr., 1783–1789 The Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States of America, from . . . 1783, to . . . 1789, [ed. William A. Weaver], repr., Washington, 1837 [actually 1855]; 3 vols. DNB Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee, eds., The Dictionary of National Biography, New York and London, 1885–1901; repr. Oxford, 1959–1960; 21 vols. plus supplements. Dull, French Navy and Amer. Independence Jonathan R. Dull, The French Navy and American Independence: A Study of Arms and Diplomacy, 1774–1787, Princeton, 1975. Edler, Dutch Republic and Amer. Rev. Friedrich Edler, The Dutch Republic and the American Revolution, Baltimore, 1911. Evans Charles Evans and others, American Bibliography: A Chronological Dictionary of All Books, Pamphlets and Periodical Publications Printed in the United States of America [1639–1800], Chicago and Worcester, 1903–1959; 14 vols. Ferguson, Power of the Purse E. James Ferguson, The Power of the Purse: A History of American Public Finance, 1776–1790, Chapel Hill, N.C., 1961. Franklin, Papers The Papers of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Leonard W. Labaree, William B. Willcox, Claude A. Lopez, Barbara B. Oberg, Ellen R. Cohn, and others, New Haven, 1959–. Franklin, Writings The Writings of Benjamin Franklin, ed. Albert Henry Smyth, New York and London, 1905–1907; 10 vols. xli Gipson, Empire before the Revolution Lawrence Henry Gipson, The British Empire before the American Revolution, Caldwell, Idaho, and New York, 1936–1970; 15 vols. Grove Dicy. of Art Jane Turner, ed., The Dictionary of Art, New York, 1996; 34 vols. Harlow, Founding of the Second British Empire Vincent T. Harlow, The Founding of the Second British Empire, 1763–1793, London and New York, 1954–1964; 2 vols. Heitman, Register Continental Army Francis B. Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution, rev. edn., Washington, 1914. JA, D&A Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, ed. L. H. Butterfield and others, Cambridge, 1961; 4 vols. JA, Defence of the Const. John Adams, A Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, London, 1787–1788; repr. New York, 1971; 3 vols. JA, Papers Papers of John Adams, ed. Robert J. Taylor, Gregg L. Lint, and others, Cambridge, 1977–. JA, Works The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: with a Life of the Author, ed. Charles Francis Adams, Boston, 1850–1856; 10 vols. Jay, Unpublished Papers John Jay: Unpublished Papers, ed. Richard B. Morris, New York, 1975–1980; 2 vols. JCC Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789, ed. Worthington Chauncey Ford, Gaillard Hunt, John C. Fitzpatrick, Roscoe R. Hill, and others, Washington, 1904–1937; 34 vols. Jefferson, Papers The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, and others, Princeton, 1950– . JQA, Diary Diary of John Quincy Adams, ed. David Grayson Allen, Robert J. Taylor, and others, Cambridge, 1981– . Lafayette, Papers Lafayette in the Age of the American Revolution: Selected Letters and Papers, 1776–1790, ed. Stanley J. Idzerda and others, Ithaca, N.Y., 1977–1983; 5 vols. Laurens, Papers The Papers of Henry Laurens, ed. Philip M. Hamer, George C. Rogers Jr., David R. Chesnutt, C. James Taylor, and others, Columbia, S.C., 1968–2003; 16 vols. London Past and Present Henry B. Wheatley, London Past and Present: Its History, Associations, and Traditions, London, 1891; 3 vols. xlii Mackesy, War for America Piers Mackesy, The War for America, 1775–1783, Cambridge, 1965. Madison, Papers, Congressional Series The Papers of James Madison: Congressional Series, ed. William T. Hutchinson, William M. E. Rachal, and Robert Allen Rutland, Chicago, 1962–1991; 17 vols. Mass., Acts and Laws Acts and Laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts [1780–1805], Boston, 1890–1898; 13 vols. Mass., Province Laws The Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, Boston, 1869–1922; 21 vols. Mazzei, Writings Philip Mazzei: Selected Writings and Correspondence, ed. Margherita Marchione and others, Prato, Italy, 1983; 3 vols. MHS, Colls., Procs. Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections and Proceedings. Miller, Treaties Treaties and Other International Acts of the United States of America, ed. Hunter Miller, Washington, 1931–1948; 8 vols. Morison, John Paul Jones Samuel Eliot Morison, John Paul Jones: A Sailor’s Biography, Boston, 1959. Morris, Papers The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781–1784, ed. E. James Ferguson, John Catanzariti, Elizabeth M. Nuxoll, Mary A. Gallagher, and others, Pittsburgh, 1973–1999; 9 vols. Morris, Peacemakers Richard B. Morris, The Peacemakers: The Great Powers and American Independence, New York, 1965. Murphy, Vergennes Orville T. Murphy, Charles Gravier, Comte de Vergennes: French Diplomacy in the Age of Revolution, 1719–1787, Albany, 1982. NEHGR New England Historical and Genealogical Register. Nieuw Ned. Biog. Woordenboek P. C. Molhuysen and others, eds., Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek, Leyden, 1911–1937; 10 vols. OED The Oxford English Dictionary, 2d edn., Oxford, 1989; 20 vols. Oliver, Portraits of JA and AA Andrew Oliver, Portraits of John and Abigail Adams, Cambridge, 1967. Parliamentary Hist. The Parliamentary History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803, London, 1806–1820; 36 vols. xliii Repertorium Ludwig Bittner and others, eds., Repertorium der diplomatischen Vertreter aller Länder seit dem Westfälischen Frieden (1648), Oldenburg, 1936–1965; 3 vols. Sabine, Loyalists Lorenzo Sabine, Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution, rev. edn. by Gregory Palmer, Westport, Conn., 1984. Schama, Citizens Simon Schama, Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, New York, 1989. Schama, Patriots and Liberators Simon Schama, Patriots and Liberators: Revolution in the Netherlands 1780–1813, New York, 1977. Scott, Armed Neutralities The Armed Neutralities of 1780 and 1800: A Collection of Official Documents Preceded by the Views of Representative Publicists, ed. James Brown Scott, New York, 1918. Sibley’s Harvard Graduates John Langdon Sibley, Clifford K. Shipton, Conrad Edick Wright, Edward W. Hanson, and others, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge and Boston, 1873–. Smith, Letters of Delegates Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774–1789, ed. Paul H. Smith and others, Washington, 1976–2000; 26 vols. U.S. and Russia The United States and Russia: The Beginning of Relations, 1765–1815, ed. Nina N. Bashkina and others, Washington, 1980. Warren-Adams Letters Warren-Adams Letters: Being Chiefly a Correspondence among John Adams, Samuel Adams, and James Warren (Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, vols. 72–73), Boston, 1917–1925; 2 vols. Washington, Papers, Confederation Series The Papers of George Washington: Confederation Series, ed. W. W. Abbot and others, Charlottesville, 1992–1997; 6 vols. Washington, Papers, Presidential Series The Papers of George Washington: Presidential Series, ed. Dorothy Twohig, Mark A. Mastromarino, Jack D. Warren, Robert F. Haggard, Christine S. Patrick, John C. Pinheiro, and others, Charlottesville, 1987– . Washington, Writings, ed. Fitzpatrick The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745–1799, ed. John C. Fitzpatrick, Washington, 1931–1944; 39 vols. Weber, Codes and Ciphers Ralph E. Weber, United States Diplomatic Codes and Ciphers, 1775–1938, Chicago, 1979. Wharton, Dipl. Corr. Amer. Rev. The Revolutionary Diplomatic Correspondence of the United States, ed. Francis Wharton, Washington, 1889; 6 vols.