Papers of John Adams, volume 3

The Massachusetts Delegates to George Washington, 22 June 1775 JA Hancock, John Adams, Samuel Paine, Robert Treat Cushing, Thomas Continental Congress, Massachusetts delegates Washington, George

1775-06-22

The Massachusetts Delegates to George Washington, 22 June 1775 Adams, John Hancock, John Adams, Samuel Paine, Robert Treat Cushing, Thomas Continental Congress, Massachusetts delegates Washington, George
The Massachusetts Delegates to George Washington
Phyladelphia June 22. 1775 Sir

In Complyance with your Request We have considered of what you proposed to us, and are obliged to give you our Sentiments, very briefly, and in great Haste.

In general, Sir, there will be three Committees, either of a Congress, or of an House of Representatives, which are and will be composed of our best Men; Such, whose Judgment and Integrity, may be most rely'd on; the Committee on the State of the Province, the Committee of Safety, and the Committee of Supplies.

But least this Should be too general, We beg leave to mention particularly Messrs Bowdoin, Sever, Dexter, Greenleaf, Darby, Pitts, Otis of the late Council, Hon. John Winthrop Esq. L.L.D., Joseph Hawley Esqr. of Northampton, James Warren Esqr. of Plymouth, Coll. Palmer of Braintree, Coll. Orne and Elbridge Gerry Esqr. of Marblehead, Dr. Warren, Dr. Church, Mr. John Pitts all of Boston, Dr. Langdon President of Harvard Colledge, and Dr. Chauncey and Dr. Cooper of Boston. Coll. Forster of Brookfield.1

The Advice and Recommendations of these Gentlemen, and of Some others whom they may introduce to your Acquaintance may be depended on.

With great Sincerity, We wish you, an agreable Journey and a glorious Campaign; and are with much Esteem and Respect, Sir, your most obedient Servants.

Samuel Adams John Hancock John Adams Thomas Cushing Robt. Treat Paine

RC in JA's hand (DLC:Washington Papers); addressed in John Hancock's hand: “To the Honble George Washington Esqr. General and Commander in Chief of all the Forces of the United Colonies per John Hancock”; docketed: “ Ju. 22. 1775.”

1.

Benjamin Greenleaf (1732–1799) of Newburyport, was a member of the Council from 1770 to 1774; John Pitts (1737–1815), a Boston selectman beginning in 1773, was active in the Sons of Liberty and a member of the Second 48and Third Provincial Congresses; Rev. Samuel Langdon (1723–1797), a strong whig, became president of Harvard College by 1774 and a chaplain to the army in Cambridge, soon thereafter serving as chaplain to the Continental Army until it moved south in 1776; Col. Jedediah Foster (1726–1779) was very active in the local affairs of Brookfield, had long service in the House of Representatives, and was rejected for the Council by Gage in 1774 (Sibley-Shipton, Harvard Graduates , 13:86–90;14:197–201; 10:508–526; 11:395–398).

Richard Derby Jr. (1712–1783), a Salem merchant and shipowner, saw service in the House of Representatives before 1774 and as a delegate to the Third Provincial Congress; Col. Azor Orne (1731–1796), Marblehead merchant, attended all three Provincial Congresses (Wroth and others, eds., Province in Rebellion , p. 2847, 2884–2885).

From William Tudor, 26 June 1775 Tudor, William JA

1775-06-26

From William Tudor, 26 June 1775 Tudor, William Adams, John
From William Tudor
26 June 1775 Dear Sir

You will doubtless before the Receipt of this have heard of the bloody Engagement at Charlestown. For a particular Account of it I must refer You to a Letter I last Week wrote our Friend Collins.1 The ministerial Troops gain'd the Hill but were victorious Losers. A few more such Victories and they are undone. I cannot think our Retreat an unfortunate one. Such is the Situation of that Hill that we could not have kept it, expos'd to the mighty fire which our Men must have received from the Ships and Batteries that Command the whole Eminence. 800 Provincials bore the Assault of 2000 Regulars and twice repuls'd them, but the Heroes were not supported, and could only retire. Our Men were not us'd to Cannon Balls and they came so thick from the Ships, floating Batteries &c., &c. that they were discouraged advancing. They have since been more us'd to them and dare encounter them. The American Army are in great Spirits, and eager to recover their late Defeat. I wish we had more Discipline But Genl. Washington we hear is coming, and we expect much from his Conduct and Experience. The Colony Forces have thrown up very extensive Lines to secure Cambridge and there are four different Entrenchments in Roxbury. The Regular Troops cannot again fight under the like advantages they did at Charlestown. They have dearly paid for one Mile's Advancement, and before they get another I much doubt if they will have Soldiers enough left to maintain it.

The lower Part of the Province has been in much Confusion and Distress. It is suppos'd 20,000 People from Boston and its Environs have deserted their Habitations, yet I hear of Nobody that thinks of any Thing less than Submission. The universal Voice is, if the Continent approve, and assist we will die or be free. The Sword is drawn 49and the Scabbard thrown away, till it can be sheath'd with Security and Honour.

I wish I could be near eno' to my worthy Colonel, to congratulate him on his late Proscription. If anything had been wanting to secure to him and Mr. Adams the Hearts of their Countrymen, Genl. Gage's Proclamation would have amply effected it. The Man must surely have felt ridiculous to order martial Law to take Place through a Province, one Town alone of which he had any Command in.2

The Loss of Dr. Warren is irreparable, his Death is generally and greatly lamented. But

Dulce et Decorum est pro Patria mori.

This is the Day of Heroes. The Fall of one will inspire the surviving glorious Band to emulate his Virtues and revenge his Death on the Foes of Liberty and our Country. Yours, with great Affection and Respect

Wm. Tudor

RC (Adams Papers);addressed: “John Adams Esq Philadelphia”; docketed by JA in a late hand: “Tudor 26. June 1775.”

1.

Stephen Collins, Quaker merchant and whig, whom Tudor probably met on his trip to Philadelphia in the fall of 1774. See JA to Joseph Palmer, 5 July (below).

2.

On 12 June, Gen. Gage issued a proclamation declaring martial law and offering a pardon to anyone who would lay down his arms except for Samuel Adams and John Hancock, “whose offenses are of too flagitous a nature to admit any other consideration than that of condign punishment” (Force, Archives , 4th ser., 2:968–970). Gage probably held little hope for success, for in a letter to Lord Dartmouth on 12 June he mentioned only the declaration of martial law, not the offer of pardons (Gage, Corr. , 1:404–405).