Adams Family Correspondence, volume 8
I recd. your several Letters of Jany. 24. Feby. 8t &
March the 10th. by Cushing, Barnard & Scott who all
arrived in the latter End of April.1
Before the Receipt of Mr. Adams Letter I had purchased the
Half of the House & Land occupied by Belcher at £70— although it appeared to me to
be dear— yet as it stood connected with your Land and the other half of yr. Building would go to Ruin unless something was speedily
done to prevent it by Repairs to the other and further if you should hereafter be
disposed to divide the Farm and lease it out to Two Tenants, as well the having a Place
under your Command so near you, which if People disagreable to you should live therein,
would be very troublesome, were preponderateg. motives to
purchase it even at a high Price—2
Belcher remains in one half for which he gives with a small Garden Spot 11 Dollrs./Year Turner in the other half of the House with the like
Pervilege gives 11 Dolrs. also—3 5 acres remain to be imporoved in Common with
the Farm so that after the Expence of some Repairs which I am now making, & are
indispensably necessary, it will yield a Profit little short of £6 per Ct if not exceed it— Mr. Willm. Vesey the other Day offered me his House & Land
adjoyning yr. Farm—said that Mr.
Adams engaged him to give him the Refusal of it, that as he was determined to sell he
accordingly had applied to me on yr Behalf— he said he could
have had formerly £300— but his present Price I could not obtain, but seemed to be
desirous that I should write to you on the Subject and I assured him I would— You will
therefore return me an Answer— As you have as much Land as can be managed with Advantage
unless of a better Quality—I was doubtful whether you would wish to purchase it—more
especially if you should have in Contemplation Borlands House & Farm— I believe it
is now at your Service if you incline to purchase, as the late occupants Time &
Attention is so fully taken up at New York in writing Comedies for which he is become
famous, that whether Creditors or Collectors attach his
Windmill, make distreint on the Stock of the Farm or the materials provided for Repairs
of the Fences & Buildings or who purchases the Farm out of his Hands, cannot be an
object of equal Importance as that of acquiring the Fame of a Writer of Comedies and the
receiving the Claps of Applause & Acclamations of a crowded Stage—
The Buildings on this Place are much out of Repair— it will not probably fetch so much
by several Hundreds, partly for that Reason and partly on Acctt. of the Scarcity of Specie as it would have done several years past—
I have purchased between 3 & 4000 Dollr. of Appletons
Loan Office Notes and shall as Opportunity presents, proceed further—these stand in
about 2s/5d per £ Consolidated
Notes of this State are sold @ 4s/ per £ the Interest upon
their nominal Sum has generally realized about 10s/ in the
Pound that is to say a Note of £100— which you buy for £20— produces an Interest of £6—
this paid in orders, those sold will at present average 10s/
per £ wch. makes £3— for the £6—4
I am not surprized at yr. Loss of 50 or 60 Guineas by a
certain Cape Gentleman, whose Character ever appeared to me problematical you may
recollect, in some former Letter— my Queries respecting him I wish you may not suffer
similar Losses by your Advancements for particular Persons and for public Uses—That for
public Papers which you refer to will not probably be paid by the Lt. G——r till you return— I shall however drive the Matter—
Believe me I cannot write on these matters without feeling an Indignation at my
Countrymen— But to proceed— Mr. Adams order is sent forward
to The Honl Mr. Mc. Kean and will I trust be duly honoured— this I committed to
Stephen Gorham Esq. who is gone to Philadelphia; to him also I committed an Acctt. against Willm. Barrells Estate
together with Stephen Collins Admr. on Barrells Estate
Acctt. against Mr Adams which
was transmitted by Collins to Un. Smith—who will adjust the same and pay a small
Ballance due to Barrells Estate—5 The
Goods you sent by Cushing—were prohibited Articles I.E. the Porter & Cheese, the
former might be drank here, as we do not make Beer sufficient, but the latter we must consider as not eatable here without some
little Degree of remorse— we had much trouble to prevent these being sent back to
England— However we finally got them landed, paying former Duties— The Cheese will make
but an awkward appearance at Commencement— probably your Friends will do your Farm the
Honour of gracing the Board—with some of its last years Production, which I hope will
vie with any made in Europe— Since the last Impost Act, All Articles brought in the
Captains Chests or otherwise must be entered and they are inspected—6 if you have any Articles to send, other than
some small Book, Pamphlet or Packet—they had better be put up in a Box & consigned
as it makes great Difficulty in entring at the Impost office— The 58Officers permitted the Volumes sent by Mr Adams to be
received Duty free— these have a very considerable Run—& are spoke off with great
Praise & will I hope be a Word in Season to our Countrymen—in them they may read
their own Fate— I wish you to send yr Bror. Shaw one of those Publications— as I percieve it was yr. Intention, altho omitted in Mr.
Adams List, of Distribution—and I have so disposed of the whole of them—as not to leave
One for him— in my Letter to Mr. Adams I have given him an
Acctt. of my Procceedings with respect to them— the 80—
Vols. disposed of will neat 10s/ Lawfmoney per Vol—
Our public affairs remain yet critical, although the Rebels in Arms, have in great
Numbers been taken, their Forces broke to Pieces and their Leaders driven out of the
State, yet they have found an Asylum in the out Skirts of New York, Vermont &
Connecticut— Shays, Days & other their principal officers fled to Canada, they are
said to have returned— 700 or 800 are mustering from their lurking Places & will
probably make some onset— their Object We are informed is to rescue those who are
condemned— Great Numbers have been tried 12 or 15 in Worcester Hampshire & Berkshire
have been convicted of capital Crimes 4 or 5 only are under Sentence of Death, the Rest
are pardoned. We have had for some Time past 1000 Men in Service stationed in those
Counties, their Enlistments will expire in Six Weeks or two Months7 Much depends on the next General Court I might
have said—every Thing— The People have in great Number of Towns given unequivocal Proof
of their Disapprobation of the late Measures of Government— They have elected More late
County Conventioners—fomentors of the late Rebellion—others Advocates for Tender Acts
& Paper Money & for paying off public Securities at the going Price (, which is
a very popular Matter) others declaimers against Lawyers, against Government and every
thing that is good & great— There are however a Number of very respectable
Characters chosen from diverse Towns— If Time permits I will write further a few Days
hence [In] the mean Time Am with Affection Yrs.
RC (Adams Papers); addressed: “Madam Abigail Adams / Grovesnor
Square / London—”; internal address: “Mrs. Abig. Ad[ams]”;
endorsed: “Dr Tufts 21 May / 1787.” Some loss of text where the seal was
removed.
For AA's letter to Cotton Tufts of 24 Jan., see vol. 7:454–455. The 10 March letter is above, but the 8 Feb. letter has not been found.
JA, in a 15 Jan. letter, instructed Tufts not to pay more than fifty pounds sterling for the Belcher property (Adams Papers).
John Turner served JA as a servant in 1777 and later advertised as a stocking weaver. Turner had resided in the Belcher 59house since 1785 (vol. 2:304, 341, 6:87). See also vol. 7:144, note 1.
From 1777 to 1787,
AA and JA purchased steeply discounted state bonds in
several lots with a total face value of $8,000. JA opposed bond
speculation on principle because he believed that it deflected capital from
agriculture, manufacturing, and trade, but he acquiesced to AA's desire
to enter the market. The investment paid off handsomely, yielding a profit of more
than 400 percent when Congress funded state and federal debts in 1790 (Woody Holton,
“Did Democracy Cause the Recession That Led to the Constitution?”
JAH
,
92:457–460 [Sept. 2005]).
William Barrell was a New
England merchant who operated a store in Philadelphia from 1774 until his death in
1776. JA's debt probably dated to 1774 and 1775 when he charged goods in
Barrell's store during his service in the Continental Congress. The administration of
the Barrell estate by Stephen Collins, a Quaker merchant of Philadelphia, was much
complicated by the war and took more than a decade to complete (JA, D&A
, 2:121,
170, 171; Winthrop Sargent, “Letters
of John Andrews, Esq., of Boston,” MHS, MHS, Procs.
, 8:318–319 [1864–1865]; vol.
1:238).
“An Act to Raise a Public
Revenue by Impost” required that captains and commanders report the contents of their
vessels immediately upon arriving at their ports of destination. The act, which went
into effect on 1 Jan. 1787, also provided for the search of vessels thought to contain
contraband or smuggled goods (Mass., Acts and Laws
, 1786–1787, p. 117–130).
The previous sentence was written in the margin and marked for insertion here.