At the end of the 1912 season, their first at Fenway Park, the Boston Red Sox faced the New York Giants in the World Series. It was Boston's first appearance in the postseason since the inaugural World Series in 1903, when the Boston Pilgrims, who played at the Huntington Avenue Baseball Grounds (now the site of Northeastern University), defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates five games to three. The 1912 Series featured several future Hall of Famers, including pitcher "Smokey" Joe Wood and outfielder Tris Speaker for the Red Sox and pitcher Christy Matthewson for the Giants.

After the Red Sox won the first game, 4-3, at the Polo Grounds in New York, the Series moved to Boston. More than 30,000 fans attended the first World Series game at Fenway Park, played on 9 October 1912. The game was notable for the fact that it did not produce a winner. After eleven innings and a score of 6-6, the game had to be called because of darkness. The Giants won three of the next five games, leading to a decisive eighth game in Boston on 16 October. Although only 17,000 people turned out for the final game, it proved to be one of the most exciting of the Series. The game was tied 1-1 after nine innings. The Giants scored in the top of the 10th to take the lead, but the Red Sox came back with two runs in the bottom of the inning to win the game 3-2 and claim their second World Series title.

All that is known about this championship medal is the name of its maker, Frank A. Gendreau, a Boston jeweler who was listed as a watchmaker in the 1912 Boston City Directory. It is part of a small subset of sports-related medals in the Society's medal collection. The majority of these medals, issued in the mid to late 19th century, were awards for inter-scholastic and inter-city meets.