COLLECTION GUIDES

1776-1976

Guide to the Collection

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Representative digitized documents from this collection:

Restrictions on Access

Use of the originals is restricted. This collection is available as color digital facsimiles (see links below).


Collection Summary

Abstract

This collection consists of manuscripts and family papers relating to several African American families, the DeGrasse, Howard, Downing, and Asbury families. It also includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, photocopies of published sources, and research notes about various individuals in those families collected by Rev. Howard DeGrasse Asbury, a descendent.

Biographical Sketches

Isaiah George DeGrasse

Isaiah George DeGrasse (1813-1841) was a minister. He was the son of George DeGrasse and Maria Van Surley DeGrasse and was born on 19 July 1813 in New York. Isaiah DeGrasse attended the New York African Free School. He was ordained a deacon on 11 July 1838 by the bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in St. Phillips Church, New York City. DeGrasse worked as a missionary in Jamaica, where he died on 11 January 1841.

John Van Surley DeGrasse

John Van Surley DeGrasse (1825-1868) was a medical doctor. He was born in New York in June 1825, the youngest son of George DeGrasse and Maria Van Surley DeGrasse. He took some academic courses at a college in France, studied medicine with Dr. Samuel R. Childs in New York City in 1845, and finished his studies at Bowdoin College in May 1849, where he passed the required exams and received a Doctor in Medicine degree. In 1849, DeGrasse toured hospitals in France, England, Italy, and Switzerland.

DeGrasse married Cordelia L. Howard on 5 August 1852 in Boston and, two years later, established a medical practice there. When he was elected to membership in the Massachusetts Medical Society on 24 August 1854, he became the first African American to belong to a medical association in that state. He was the first African American medical officer in the U.S. Army. He was mustered in on 18 May 1863 and served as an assistant surgeon for the 35th Regiment of U.S. Colored Infantry (the First Regiment, North Carolina, Colored Volunteers). He and his wife had one daughter, Georgenia Cordelia DeGrasse, born 5 December 1855. He died in Boston on 25 November 1868.

Edwin Clarence Howard

Edwin Clarence Howard (1846-1912) was born in Boston, Massachusetts. His parents were Edwin Frederick Howard of Boston and Joan Louise Turpin Howard of New York City. (Edwin C. Howard was the nephew of Cordelia L. Howard DeGrasse.) He attended Liberia College in Monrovia from 1861-1865, but withdrew from the program before receiving a degree. In 1866, Howard attended Harvard University Medical School and graduated in 1869. He practiced medicine in Philadelphia and distinguished himself during the 1870 smallpox epidemic. He was a member of the Philadelphia County Medical Society, the Pennsylvania State Medical Society, and the American Medical Association. He was a visiting physician at the Frederick Douglass Memorial Hospital and lecturer and chairman of the Nurses' Training School. Dr. Howard never married. He was buried in Eden Cemetery in Darby, located outside Philadelphia.

George T. Downing

George T. Downing (1819-1903) was a civil rights leader and successful businessman. He was born in 1819, the son of Thomas Downing. He married Serena Leanora DeGrasse on 24 November 1841, and they had four daughters and three sons. George T. Downing was an abolitionist, actively worked towards school desegregation, and was a spokesman who urged politicians to support the Civil Rights Bill. Downing lived in Newport, R.I., where he had a catering business, owned real estate, and made contributions towards civic improvements.

Howard DeGrasse Asbury

Howard DeGrasse Asbury (1907-1978) was minister of the St. Paul Methodist Church in Jamaica, New York. Interested in African American history, he actively collected information and manuscripts about his ancestors, who included members of the DeGrasse, Howard, Downing, Gardner, and Asbury families. (Asbury was the great-grandson of John Van Surley DeGrasse and Cordelia L. Howard DeGrasse.) He loaned materials to various institutions (including the Brooklyn Public Library, New York Cultural Center, and Museum of Afro American History in Boston, Mass.) for exhibitions about African Americans. He was a member of the Negro History Associates.

Collection Description

The DeGrasse-Howard papers consist of two boxes of manuscripts and family papers relating to several African American families, the DeGrasse, Howard, Downing, and Asbury families. The collection also includes correspondence, newspaper clippings, photocopies of published sources, and research notes about various individuals in those families collected by Rev. Howard DeGrasse Asbury, a descendent. The collection is arranged in five series, DeGrasse family papers and related materials, Howard family papers and related materials, Downing family papers and related materials, and Rev. Howard D. Asbury papers.

The collection includes materials relating to medicine: an account book, 1852-1855, kept by John Van Surley DeGrasse, a doctor who lived and practiced medicine in Boston; papers relating to DeGrasse's service in the Civil War as a medical doctor in the 35th Regiment, North Carolina Colored Infantry; and a journal, 1865, kept by Edwin Clarence Howard while he was a medical student at Liberia College. The collection includes correspondence to and from George T. Downing about civil rights issues. Also contained in the collection are clippings and letters documenting Reverend Howard DeGrasse Asbury's research activities and participation with exhibits about African American history.

Acquisition Information

The DeGrasse-Howard papers were inherited by Mrs. Shirley Asbury Downs of Austin, Texas, from her father Reverend Howard DeGrasse Asbury, who assembled many of the documents in the collection. Mrs. Downs placed the collection on loan to the Museum of Afro American History, and the Museum of Afro American History deposited it at the Massachusetts Historical Society in July 1998. In November 2012, the collection was given to the Massachusetts Historical Society by Mrs. Downs' son Robert Downs.

Restrictions on Access

Use of the originals is restricted. This collection is available as color digital facsimiles (see links below).

Other Formats

This collection is available as color digital facsimiles.

Detailed Description of the Collection

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IV. Rev. Howard D. Asbury papers, 1950-1976Digital Content

This series consists of materials relating to Reverend Asbury divided into four subseries: correspondence, exhibitions, activities, and research materials. The correspondence includes letters to and from Asbury regarding his ancestors and from researchers wishing to publish manuscripts owned by him. The exhibitions folders contain clippings, press releases, and photographs documenting how Asbury loaned materials to exhibitions about African Americans at various institutions. The activities subseries includes newspaper clippings and programs documenting Asbury's participation at meetings and commemorations. The research materials include a typescript, "State of Massachusetts Negro Soldiers and Sailors of the American Revolution," prepared by Asbury from the Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War, and photocopies of images, printed materials, and notes about various African Americans. (Please note: Research materials specifically relating to the DeGrasse, Howard, Downing families are located in the previous series in this collection corresponding to those families, Series I, II, and III.)

Close IV. Rev. Howard D. Asbury papers, 1950-1976Digital Content

Photographs Removed from the Collection

Photographs from this collection were removed to the DeGrasse-Howard photographs, ca. 1861-1976. Photo. Coll. 36.

Preferred Citation

DeGrasse-Howard papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.

Access Terms

This collection is indexed under the following headings in ABIGAIL, the online catalog of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Researchers desiring materials about related persons, organizations, or subjects should search the catalog using these headings.

Persons:

Asbury, Howard DeGrasse.
Bassett, Ebenezer D., 1833-1908.
DeGrasse, Cordelia Howard, 1823-1899.
DeGrasse family.
DeGrasse family--Genealogy.
DeGrasse, John Van Surley, 1825-1868.
Downing family.
Downing family--Genealogy.
Downing, George T. (George Thomas), 1819-1903.
Howard, Edwin Clarence, 1846-1912.
Howard family.
Howard family--Genealogy.
Lynch, James, 1839-1872.
O'Reilly, John Boyle, 1844-1890.
Remond, Charles Lenox, 1810-1873.
Sumner, Charles, 1811-1874.

Organizations:

Liberia College.
United States. Army. Colored Infantry Regiment, 35th (1864-1866).

Subjects:

Account books.
Account books--1850-1899.
Account books--1852-1855.
African American abolitionists.
African American families.
African American physicians.
African Americans--Civil rights.
African Americans--Exhibitions.
African Americans--History.
African Americans--Massachusetts--Boston.
African Americans--Rhode Island.
History--Research.
Medical education.
Medical fees.
Medicine--Practice.

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