“What does Massachusetts have to do with … the French Revolution?”: Brown Bag Lunch Talk

By Anna J. Cook

On Tuesday, 1 March, Sara Martin and Sara Sikes of the Adams Papers gave a presentation on the Adams family’s perspective of the French Revolution, as chronicled in their correspondence. During that period of upheaval in France (the 1780s and 1790s) the Adams’ network of family and friends extended up and down the Eastern United States and across the Atlantic in both Britain and on the European continent. Abigail (Nabby) Adams Smith was living with her family in London; John Quincy and Thomas Boylston Adams were in The Hague; and Charles Adams spent considerable time with his father, John Adams, in Philadelphia where John was serving as Vice President in the Washington administration. The correspondence during this period is particularly rich as the family endeavored to keep in touch with one another, across geographic distance.

Sara Martin and Sara Sikes observed how the Adams family privileged first-hand accounts of the turmoil over published newspaper reports, despite the fact that personal letters often took months to travel across the Atlantic – at times not arriving at all. Nabby would write home to her parents describing the first-hand accounts of friends in London who had been in Paris during the Terror, while Abigail wrote to her daughter about the public support in the United States for the revolutionaries. Members of the Adams family publically and privately expressed their disapproval of the way in which the French Revolution so quickly devolved into violence. In reflecting back upon both the American and French revolutions in later years, John Adams wrote to his friend Benjamin Rush, “Have I not been employed in mischief all of my days?”

Discussion following the presentation centered on the question of differences between the French Revolution and the American Revolution. Specifically, participants wondered what about the French Revolution was different enough from the American Revolution that one led to continued violence and ultimate failure of the revolutionaries while the other succeeded in establishing a viable government following the war with England. It was suggested by several present that a rebellion by colonists against the metropole is fundamentally different than an uprising of citizens against an established government in their own nation.

“What does Massachusetts have to do with … the French Revolution?” was part of an ongoing series highlighting collections at the MHS that contain material on unexpected topics. The next installment will take place on Tuesday, March 15, at 12:00pm and is titled: What does Massachusetts have to do with … Tahiti, Pirates, and Graham Crackers? The event is free and open to the public. Bring your lunch; beverages will be provided.

Spotlight on Collections: Lodge Papers, Part IV

By Tracy Potter

Last time in Spotlight on Collections, I wrote about Henry Cabot Lodge’s (HCL) family, education, and literary and political careers. This week I describe his connections to the MHS and look at the MHS holdings related to his life. 

HCL had many connections to the MHS.  Besides being a good friend of Henry Adams, who was from a long line of politicians and influential members of the MHS, HCL was also a long standing member of the MHS himself.  He spent 48 of his 74 years as a member of the Society.  Elected a member in 1876, HCL attended meetings and other events as a member of the Society while also performing his political duties in the U.S. House of Representatives and in the U.S. Senate. 

In 1915, upon the death of MHS president Charles Francis Adams, brother of HCL’s friend and mentor Henry Adams, the nominating committee and MHS Council nominated HCL to sit as the next president. As was often the case with HCL, he had both supporters and critics within the MHS. This made for a very lively election. Those supporting Lodge eventually won out and elected him president. Although often absent due to his responsibilities as U.S. senator, once elected HCL served as president of the MHS until his death in 1924.

According to the MHS bicentennial history written by Louis Leonard Tucker, after the death of HCL the Lodge family placed his personal papers on deposit at the MHS. Almost four decades later a determined Stephen T. Riley, the Director of the Society from 1957 to 1976, made it his mission to convince the grandson of HCL, Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (HCLII), to deed the papers over to the Society to ensure their safety then and in the future. Riley, who was known as an “unrelenting pursuer of his quarry” when it came to acquiring manuscripts, tirelessly pursued HCLII for several years.  In 1969 HCLII relented and signed a deed of gift to the Society for HCL’s papers.     

In total the MHS holds five collections directly related to HCL. The main body of manuscripts is in the Henry Cabot Lodge Papers, 1745-1966 containing 51 cartons and 2 oversize boxes of material. The collection includes personal, official, and family papers focusing on Republican Party politics and American foreign policy. This large collection is stored in an offsite facility. To provide more convenient access and long-term preservation for the manuscript materials the MHS microfilmed the collection (183 reels total) and stores the reels onsite for use by researchers. 

The MHS also holds a collection of eleven boxes (10 reels of microfilm) of correspondence between HCL and his long-time friend Teddy Roosevelt in the Lodge-Roosevelt Correspondence, 1884-1924. HCL published about half of these letters in his book Selections from the Correspondence of Theodore Roosevelt and Henry Cabot Lodge which was completed by his Secretary Charles F. Redmond after his death. Other HCL collections held by the MHS include 2,059 photographs in the Henry Cabot Lodge Photographs, ca. 1860-1945, letters to HCL’s nephew Ellerton James in Letters to Ellerton James, 1850-1924, and letters to HCL’s friend and lawyer William C. Endicott in the Henry Cabot Lodge papers IV, 1887-1933.

For more information about Henry Cabot Lodge’s connection to the Massachusetts Historical Society see:

Lord, Arthur.  “Tribute to Henry Cabot Lodge.” Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 58, (1924-1925): 97-99.

Morse, John T., Jr. “Tribute to Henry Cabot Lodge.” Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 58, (1924-1925): 99-110.

Tucker, Louis Leonard. The Massachusetts Historical Society: A Bicentennial History, 1791-1991. (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1996).

Join me on March 23rd when I turn to Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. and his contributions to history.

 

This Week @ MHS

By Elaine Grublin

This week we have a two events at our 1154 Boylston Street home, and two co-sponsored events at alternate locations. Please note where events are happening as you plan to attend.

Thursday, 10 March, we have two public events. At 12:15 PM join us for a co-sponsored event at Old South Meeting House. Come listen as Jim Hollister, Minute Man National Historical Park, and Emily Murphy, Salem Maritime National Historic Site, present
“Let Us Wait No Longer!” Salem and the Lexington Alarm. And at 5:30 PM Annette Gordon-Reed, author of Pulitzer Prize winning The Hemingses of Monticello, will present her paper “The Hemings Family in the Nineteenth Century” as part of the Boston Seminar on the History of Women and Gender. Nell Irvin Painter, Princeton University, will give the comment. This event will take place at the Schlesinger Library at Harvard University.

Friday, 11 March, we kick off our spring exhibition History Drawn with Light: Early Photographs from the Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society. The exhibition will be open to the public Monday through Saturday, 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM, from March 11th to June 3rd.

And last but not least, our 90 minute Saturday building tour will begin at 10:00 AM in the front lobby on 12 March.

The Bloody Massacre perpetrated in King Street….

By Elaine Grublin

Today marks the 241 anniversary of the events that came to be known as the Boston Massacre.

On our website and in our reading room, you can read contemporary accounts of the events of that day or study visual representations such as Paul Revere’s engraving (based on an original drawing by Peter Pelham) which captures a less than historically accurate view of the event, but speaks volumes about how the event was interpreted for years to come.

 Revere's Massacre

For the hands-on learner, the Bostonian Society is offering a day full of interpretive events at the Old State House, culminating in a re-enactment of the Massacre at 7:00 PM.

Welcome Dan Hinchen, Library Assistant

By Anna J. Cook

It has been a season of change in the Massachusetts Historical Society’s library. On February 23rd, the Library Reader Services staff welcomed yet another new member to our ranks: Library Assistant Dan Hinchen.

Dan is not a complete stranger to the MHS, having served as a reference intern with us in 2009. During his tenure he became skilled at responding to long-distance reference queries, and also began to develop subject guides for our collections – a skill we hope to put to good use in the near future as the library revisits some of its online reference resources.

In 2007, Dan was hired to develop an archives program for the Boston Arts Academy and Fenway High School, where he has served as the “lone arranger” for the past four years. There he established the archives’ policies and procedures and supervises the work of student interns and volunteers. In addition to this position, Dan has worked at the Simmons College Beatley Library and completed a cataloging internship at the ProjectSave Armenian Photographic Archives. In 2010 he earned his Master’s in Library Science at Simmons College Graduate School of Library and Information Science.

We are pleased to welcome Dan as part of our staff, and look forward to working with him as part of our team.

Spring Time Means Baseball!

By Tracy Potter

As the late-winter thaw creeps over New England, melting away the snow banks that dwarf the average person and New Englanders pray for no more snow until next December, we cannot help but look toward the one glimmer of hope of the coming spring: Red Sox spring training at Fort Myers, Florida. This week spring training is in full swing as the Red Sox face off against various teams, warming up for the 2011 baseball season. In honor of this treasured time of year I give a nod to the beginnings of one of America’s most loved pastimes: Baseball.

When this idea was first proposed, I was asked to scour our collections for anything related to baseball that we could use to connect to spring training. Just as I thought “What on earth do we have related to baseball here?” I received a phone call from a young woman who wished to view a carton from our Globe Newspaper Co. Records. As I checked the carton to make sure the materials were in order, what did I stumble upon but an 1872 baseball scrapbook assembled by none other than George Wright, one of the first men to play for the professional baseball club the Boston Red Stockings.

In 1869, George’s brother Harry Wright managed the first professional baseball team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings. Two years later Harry moved east to manage the Boston Red Stockings. George, a talented shortstop and occasional second baseman, followed his brother from Cincinnati to Boston. He was team captain of four time association winners the Boston Red Stockings from 1871 to 1875. While in Boston, he kept a scrapbook of newspaper statistics and articles written about the professional baseball games played during the 1872 season. In 1920 he gave the scrapbook to the sports editor of the Globe Newspaper Co., Walter S. Barnes. According to a note found inside the scrapbook, the volume was rescued from a trash can in 1948 and placed in the company’s records.

Inside Wright’s scrapbook I found a two page layout of clippings from the New York Clipper analyzing each of the “Boston Nine” (a name given to the nine starters) including George Wright. These clippings demonstrate that in baseball some things will never change. Teams will always be on the lookout for a good captain to lead the team, for catchers who can actually catch their pitchers crazy pitches, for players who do not talk back to the umpires and cause a ruckus on the field, for pitchers who know how to outthink the batters, and for players who keep up their training through the offseason and enter the new season in tiptop shape (see image below), not arriving bloated and slow from too much alcohol, food, and other mischievous amusements.

detail of newspaper clipping from 1872 baseball season scrapbook

As the Red Sox players arrived in Fort Myers over the past few weeks, I found myself hoping that each arrived uninjured, ready to throw some balls, hit some home runs, and run like he has never run before. We New Englanders are counting on them to pull us out of these winter doldrums and into a season of sun, warmth, and wins.

To view the full image of Wright’s ‘Boston Nine’ described in clippings from the New York Clipper, click here.

A Winter Poem

By Elaine Grublin

As we welcome March, with the winter of 2010-2011 already on record as one of the ten snowiest winters in Boston since records have been kept, we share a poem written on 1 March 1780, noting the severity of the winter of 1779-1780. I think we all can agree that there is a sense of kindred spirit here.

On the Severity of the Past Winter

Long Winter rul’d with unrelenting sway,
And shook his icy sceptre o’er the day –
His snowy magazine’s enormous door
Ope’d wide, nor shut, till drain’d of all its store
Repeated torrents overwhelm the ground;
The earth was in a fleecy deluge drown’d.
The winds let loose impetuously sweep,
The tortured surface of the candid deep
This way & that, with all their fury blow
And raise huge billows of the yielding snow;
Stiffen’d at length, when no more storms arose
Or of descending or ascending snows,
But wearied all in calm & silence lies
Then all the power of cold fierce [illegible] tries
Thy fire began to dread it’s empire lost
Victory hung dubious,’ twixt the fire & frost
While the front suffer’d, smashing with the fire
The cold assailed us, pressing on our rear
But when oblig’d to leave the friendly hearth
Down to the lungs the cold congeal’d our breath
With quick’ned step, we hasted thro’ the streets
The threshold soon salutes the impatient feet.
Pale Phoebus shot oblique his feeble ray
Soon leaving us to mourn his transient stay.
Thanks to that Power who had the seasons roll
Commanding Sol to visit either pole
He now approaches to our hemisphere
And Aries waits him to renew the year
His beams now more direct dissolve the snow
The waters steal away & hide below. –
He who hath plac’d his shining bow on high
Which stands his faithful witness in the sky
That while the earth remains in order due
Day shall to night & heat to cold ensue
Is now beginning to unseal our hands
And gradually loose Orion’s bands –
Let us like him of vows e’er mindful prove
And let us like the Sun obedient move,
To the wise orders of the Lord above:
Nor from the paths of his commandments stray
Whose will the earth & air & heavens obey.

Finis.

The manuscript copy of this poem is contained in the Mellen Family Papers. Our preservation librarian, Kathy Griffin, came upon it in the early fall while processing that collection. At the time we hoped that the poem would not be fitting to post in the coming March. But I must say we have had a winter to rival the one this poet describes.

Transcription by Betsy Boyle.