COLLECTION GUIDES

1728-1885; bulk: 1728-1815

Guide to the Collection

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Representative digitized documents from this collection:

Restrictions on Access

Use of the originals is restricted. This collection is available as color digital facsimiles (see links below).


Collection Summary

Abstract

The microfilm edition of the Hancock family papers, 1728-1885, consists of manuscripts from various collections at the Massachusetts Historical Society, including the Hancock family papers.

Biographical Sketches

Thomas Hancock (1703-1764)

Thomas Hancock was a wealthy Boston merchant and the uncle of John Hancock (1737-1793). After early successes as a bookseller, publisher, and paper maker, he became an influential overseas merchant, importing manufactured goods and exporting rum, whale oil, and fish. His fortune grew during international hostilities in the 1740s, when he tapped into several lucrative overseas markets, and profitable contracts supplying British forces during King George's War and the French and Indian War made him one of the richest men in Boston. He owned real estate in Boston and northern New England and was elected to the Massachusetts Council in 1758.

John Hancock (1737-1793)

John Hancock was a Revolutionary patriot, merchant, and politician. The son of Rev. John Hancock (1702-1744), minister of Braintree, he moved to Boston after the death of his father and was educated by his uncle Thomas Hancock (1703-1764). In 1754, he graduated from Harvard and joined his uncle's merchant business, taking over when Thomas Hancock died in 1764. Initially moderate, John Hancock's politics became more radical as British policies became more severe, and British attempts to raise revenue in the colonies, such as the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Stamp Act of 1765, were disastrous for his business.

Hancock's wealth and social standing made him very influential in the patriot cause. He was a Boston selectman from 1765 to 1774 and a member of the Massachusetts General Court from 1766 to 1774. When his sloop Liberty was seized by customs officers in May 1768 on charges of smuggling, a riot ensued. On 5 March 1774, he delivered a stirring oration commemorating the Boston Massacre four years before. Hancock was elected president of the Provincial Congress in October 1774, delegate to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia in December 1774, and finally (by unanimous vote) president of the Congress, a position he held from May 1775 to October 1777. He presided over the debate on the Declaration of Independence and was the first to sign it in 1776.

In 1780, the citizens of Massachusetts approved a state constitution, and Hancock was elected the first governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. A popular governor, he served from 1780 to 1785 and then again from 1787 until his death. In May 1787, the Constitutional Convention convened to replace the Articles of Confederation with a federal constitution, and Hancock was named as president in January 1788. He favored ratification, but with changes that would curb some of the powers of the federal government. It was largely due to Hancock's support that the Constitution was finally ratified by a vote of 187 to 168.

John Hancock married Dorothy Quincy (1747-1830) in 1775, and the couple had two children, neither of whom lived to adulthood.

Ebenezer Hancock (1741-1819)

Ebenezer Hancock was the younger brother of John Hancock and served as deputy paymaster general of the Continental Army beginning in June 1776.

Sources

Fowler, William M., Jr. "John Hancock." American National Biography. Ed. John A. Garraty and Mark C. Carnes. Vol. 9. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. 968-970.

Fowler, William M., Jr. "Thomas Hancock." American National Biography. Ed. John A. Garraty and Mark C. Carnes. Vol. 9. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. 972-973.

Collection Description

The bulk of this microfilm edition consists of the Hancock family papers, supplemented by letters and other papers related to the Hancock family from other collections at the Massachusetts Historical Society. The family members most prominently represented in this microfilm edition are Thomas Hancock (1703-1764) and John Hancock (1737-1793). The collection also contains some papers of John Hancock's brother Ebenezer Hancock (1741-1819), including his monthly returns to the Continental Congress as deputy paymaster general, 1776-1779. Other family members include John Hancock's wife Dorothy Quincy Hancock (1747-1830), his father Rev. John Hancock (1702-1744), and his mother Mary Hancock Perkins (1711-1757?).

This microfilm edition consists of business and family correspondence, receipts, bills, contracts, estate papers, deeds, commissions, drafts of state documents, and other papers. Subjects of letters to and from John Hancock while he served on the Massachusetts General Court and as president of the Continental Congress include: equipment, supplies, commerce, the Massachusetts militia, the Continental Army, and other subjects related to the American Revolution. The business correspondence of John and Thomas Hancock deals with finances, accounts, investments, shipping to and from Canada, and other subjects related to the merchant business. Among the correspondents represented in this collection are: William Donnison, James Murray, Thomas Cushing, Artemas Ward, William Livingston, William Heath, Robert Treat Paine, Henry Knox, Edmund Quincy, Edward Browne, Mercy Scollay, and many others. The collection also contains a letterbook, 1745-1750, and receipt book, 1747-1755, of Thomas Hancock and a letterbook of John Hancock, 1780-1782.

This guide supersedes previous guides to the microfilm edition, including the Catalog of Manuscripts of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 7 vols. (Boston: G.K. Hall, 1969).

Acquisition Information

Acquired by gifts and purchases, 1817-1935.

Restrictions on Access

Use of the originals is restricted. This collection is available as color digital facsimiles (see links below).

Other Formats

This collection is available as color digital facsimiles.

Black and white digital images of this collection--produced from the microfilm edition--are available as part of History Vault: Revolutionary War and Early America, a digital resource from ProQuest. This resource is available at subscribing libraries; speak to your local librarian to determine if your library has access. The MHS also provides access onsite to the Society's contributions to this resource; see a reference librarian for more information.

Detailed Description of the Collection

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Items listed below are drawn from the Hancock family papers unless otherwise identified.

I. Volumes, 1745-1885Digital Content

Arranged chronologically.

Reel 1Vol. 1Digital Content

Thomas Hancock letterbook, 19 Apr. 1745-16 June 1750

Includes correspondence of Fanny J. R. Gilmore, William Rotch Ware, Justin Winsor, and Charles C. Smith concerning the purchase of the volume by the MHS, 16 Mar.-16 May 1885.

Reel 1Vol. 2Digital Content

Thomas Hancock receipt book, 1747-1755

Reel 1Vol. 3Digital Content

John Hancock letterbook, 7 Nov. 1780-13 Mar. 1782

Close I. Volumes, 1745-1885Digital Content

II. Loose papers, 1728-1885Digital Content

Arranged chronologically.

Close II. Loose papers, 1728-1885Digital Content

Preferred Citation

Microfilm edition of the Hancock family papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.

Access Terms

This collection is indexed under the following headings in ABIGAIL, the online catalog of the Massachusetts Historical Society. Researchers desiring materials about related persons, organizations, or subjects should search the catalog using these headings.

Persons:

Hancock, Ebenezer, 1741-1819.
Hancock, John, 1737-1793.
Hancock, Thomas, 1703-1764.

Organizations:

United States. Continental Army--Pay, allowances, etc.
United States. War Department. Pay Department.

Subjects:

United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Equipment and supplies.
United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783--Finance.

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